Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30563813›Full record

ArticleJMIR research protocols2018

Serious Games for Improving Genetic Literacy and Genetic Risk Awareness in the General Public: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Serena Oliveri, Renato Mainetti, Alessandra Gorini, Ilaria Cutica, Giulia Candiani, Nunzio Alberto Borghese, Gabriella Pravettoni

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR research protocols, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Serena OliveriDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-4260
Renato MainettiApplied Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-2661
Alessandra GoriniDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3216-1784
Ilaria CuticaDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2749-0719
Giulia CandianiZadig Srl, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4957-3195
Nunzio Alberto BorgheseApplied Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-3448
Gabriella PravettoniDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9135-2938
University of Milan · ITZadig (Italy) · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenetic testing and genetic risk information are gaining importance in personalized medicine and disease prevention. However, progress in these fields does not reflect increased knowledge and awareness of genetic risk in the general public.

objectiveOur aim is to develop and test the efficacy of a suite of serious games, developed for mobile and Web platforms, in order to increase knowledge of basic genetic concepts and promote awareness of genetic risk management among lay people.

methodsWe developed a new ad-hoc game and modified an arcade game using mechanics suitable to explain genetic concepts. In addition, we developed an adventure game where players are immersed in virtual scenarios and manage genetic risk information to make health-related and interpersonal decisions and modulate their lifestyle. The pilot usability testing will be conducted with a convenience sample of 30 adults who will be categorized into 3 groups and assigned to one game each. Participants will be asked to report any positive or negative issues arising during the game. Subsequently, they will be asked to complete the Game Experience Questionnaire. Finally, a total of 60 teenagers and adults will be enrolled to assess knowledge transfer. Thirty participants will be assigned to the experimental group and asked to play the serious games, and 30 participants will be assigned to the control group and asked to read leaflets on the genetic concepts conveyed by the games. Participants of both groups will fill out a questionnaire before and after the intervention to assess their topic-specific knowledge of genetics. Furthermore, both groups will complete the self-efficacy questionnaire, which assesses the level of confidence in using genetic information.

resultsWe obtained evidence of game usability in 2017. The data will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and used to improve the game design. Knowledge-transfer testing will begin in 2018, and we expect to collect preliminary data on the learning outcomes of serious games by December 2018.

conclusionsIt is important to educate the general public about the impact of genetics and genetic testing on disease prevention and the consequent decision-making implications. Without such knowledge, individuals are more likely to make uninformed decisions or handover all decisions regarding genetic testing to their doctors. Technological innovations such as serious games might become a valid instrument to support public education and empowerment. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/9288.

Indexed as

adventure gamescardiovascular riskdecision makinggenetic literacygenetic riskheredityknowledge transfermini-gamesmutationserious games

Identifiers

PMID30563813
PMCPMC6315238
OpenAlexW2883083536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.