Trial reportBMC public health2018
Pathways leading to success and non-success: a process evaluation of a cluster randomized physical activity health promotion program applying fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characteristics of successful primary school-based experiential nutrition programmes: a systematic literature review.Public health nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- The use of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to address causality in complex systems: a systematic review of research on public health interventions.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- The use of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) in child well-being research: a scoping review of research on child well-being research and interventions.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Physical activity interventions in European primary schools: a scoping review to create a framework for the design of tailored interventions in European countries.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Synergistic pathways for health investment and economic development in China: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Dissemination and Implementation Science to Advance Health Equity: An Imperative for Systemic Change.Commonhealth (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Article
- Using qualitative comparative analysis to uncover multiple pathways to program sustainment: implications for community-based youth substance misuse prevention.Implementation science communications · 2022Article
- A Review of Experiential School-Based Culinary Interventions for 5-12-Year-Old Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Multidimensional analysis of health in Mexico: implementation of fuzzy sets.BMC public health · 2021Article
- The relation between individual-level factors and the implementation of classroom-based physical activity approaches among elementary school teachers.Translational behavioral medicine · 2021Article
- Evaluating the implementation of the SWITCH® school wellness intervention and capacity-building process through multiple methods.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHealth promotion programs can only lead to improvements in health outcomes if they are effectively implemented. However, most studies assessing implementation success focus on only one condition, although more conditions influence this process. Therefore, evidence is scarce on what conditions play a role in successful implementation and how they interact. Hence, we aimed to identify which combinations of teacher and implementation process characteristics affected the emotional and social school experience (SCE) of pupils participating in a school-based health promotion program.
methodsThis study was part of an effectiveness and process evaluation including 24 intervention and 27 control classes. We used fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to identify combinations of conditions that were associated with either an increase or no increase in the outcome SCE in comparison to the control group at 20 months post intervention. We deductively selected five conditions based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research: teachers' perceived self-efficacy, teachers' expectations of the benefits of the intervention, teachers' previous knowledge about the intervention, dosage of physical activity breaks, and quality of the implementation.
resultsWe identified five different pathways that led to no increase in the pupils' outcome (parameters of fit: consistency 94%, coverage 66%). The combination of an unsatisfying quality of implementing the intervention and a low previous knowledge about the intervention showed the highest empirical relevance. Similarly, fewer physical activity breaks in combination with other conditions impeded the program's success. Furthermore, we identified two different pathways characterizing ways to success (consistency: 81%, coverage: 52%). The most relevant combination was good quality implementation of physical activity breaks, implemented by teachers with a high self-efficacy, and a good previous knowledge about the intervention.
conclusionsQCA has potential for an in-depth analysis of complex interventions as it can rely on small to medium sample sizes and analyze pathways to success and non-success separately. The investigated program can be improved by considering the following suggestions: The quality of the implementation process should be monitored during the implementation phase, and regular feedback loops and learning opportunities for teachers should accompany a program. Clear recommendations regarding the dosage should be established.
trial registrationGerman register of clinical studies: DRKS00000622 . Retrospectively registered: December 3, 2010, ( http://www.drks.de/drks_web/setLocale_EN.do ). Approved by the Ethics Committee of Lower Austria (GS4-EK-4/107-2010).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.