ArticleToxins2018
Occurrence and Levels of Aflatoxins in Fish Feeds and Their Potential Effects on Fish in Nyeri, Kenya.
Article in Toxins, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mycotoxin contamination in food and feed: Occurrence, co-occurrence, combined impacts on human and animal health, climate change implications, risk assessment, and mitigation strategies.Mycotoxin research · 2026Review
- Review
- Dietary Bentonite Supplementation Improves Growth Performance of JuvenileJournal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- The Janus Face ofVeterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Aflatoxin health risk in the feed source: Integrated strategies for feed safety and sustainable One Health.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Aflatoxin Exposure in Immunocompromised Patients: Current State and Future Perspectives.Toxins · 2025Review
- Article
- Lethal Dose, Clinical Signs, Gross and Microscopic Lesions Induced byVeterinary medicine international · 2025Article
- Effects of aflatoxin B1 on subacute exposure of hybrid groupers (Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2024Article
- Effects of Dietary Aflatoxin B1 on Hybrid Grouper (Aquaculture nutrition · 2024Article
- A Brief Review on Aflatoxicosis in Aquaculture With a Focus on Fish.Aquaculture nutrition · 2024Review
- Monitoring of Mycotoxigenic Fungi in Fish Farm Water and Fumonisins in Feeds for FarmedToxics · 2023Article
- Impact of Mycotoxin Contaminations on Aquatic Organisms: Toxic Effect of Aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 Mixture.Toxins · 2022Article
- Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity in Zebrafish Larva (Toxins · 2021Article
- Aflatoxicosis Dysregulates the Physiological Responses to Crowding Densities in the Marine Teleost Gilthead Seabream (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Article
- Review
- Assessment of the Presence of Total Aflatoxins and Aflatoxin BInternational journal of food science · 2020Article
- Occurrence of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Fish Feeds and Their Impact on Fish Health.International journal of microbiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aflatoxins are fungal metabolites that contaminate foods and feeds, causing adverse health effects in humans and animals. This study determined the occurrence of aflatoxins in fish feeds and their potential effects on fish. Eighty-one fish feeds were sampled from 70 farms and 8 feed manufacturing plants in Nyeri, Kenya for aflatoxin analysis using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fish were sampled from 12 farms for gross and microscopic pathological examination. Eighty-four percent of feeds sampled tested positive for aflatoxins, ranging from 1.8 to 39.7 µg/kg with a mean of 7.0 ± 8.3 µg/kg and the median of 3.6 µg/kg. Fifteen feeds (18.5%) had aflatoxins above the maximum allowable level in Kenya of 10 µg/kg. Homemade and tilapia feeds had significantly higher aflatoxin levels than commercial and trout feeds. Feeds containing maize bran and fish meal had significantly higher aflatoxin levels than those without these ingredients. Five trout farms (41.7%) had fish with swollen abdomens, and enlarged livers with white or yellow nodules, which microscopically had large dark basophilic hepatic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei in irregular cords. In conclusion, aflatoxin contamination of fish feeds is prevalent in Nyeri, and may be the cause of adverse health effects in fish in this region.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.