ArticlePloS one2018
TLR4 deficiency reduces pulmonary resistance to Streptococcus pneumoniae in gut microbiota-disrupted mice.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut-lung axis and microbiome alterations in mycobacterial infections: from pathogenesis to therapeutic potential.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The role of the respiratory microbiome in acute and chronic respiratory diseases.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Advances in gut-lung axis research: clinical perspectives on pneumonia prevention and treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Apigenin protects ischemic stroke by regulating intestinal microbiota homeostasis, regulates brain metabolic profile.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Ameliorating effects of probiotics on alterations in iron homeostasis and inflammation in COVID-19.Molecular biology reports · 2022Review
- Plant Polysaccharides Modulate Immune Function via the Gut Microbiome and May Have Potential in COVID-19 Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Cephalosporins-induced intestinal dysbiosis exacerbated pulmonary endothelial barrier disruption in streptococcus pneumoniae-infected mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Interplay between severities of COVID-19 and the gut microbiome: implications of bacterial co-infections?Gut pathogens · 2021Article
- Metagenomics analysis of the gut microbiome in healthy and bacterial pneumonia forest musk deer.Genes & genomics · 2021Article
- From the Role of Microbiota in Gut-Lung Axis to SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis.Mediators of inflammation · 2021Review
- Review
- The Cross-Talk Between Gut Microbiota and Lungs in Common Lung Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a clinically important pathogen responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Disruption of the host gut microbiota by antibiotics reduces the pulmonary resistance to S. pneumoniae. The aim of our study was to determine the potential role of TLR4 in the reduced pulmonary resistance to S. pneumoniae following gut microbiota disruption. Wild-type and TLR4-deficient mice were given broad-spectrum antibiotics for 3 weeks by oral gavage to disrupt the gut microbiota, and subsequently inoculated intra-nasally with S. pneumoniae. The extent of the decline in pulmonary resistance in both animal groups was evaluated in terms of the overall survival and pulmonary bacterial clearance. Both survival and pulmonary clearance of S. pneumoniae were lower in the TLR4-deficient mice with disrupted gut microbiota, compared to their intestinally healthy counterparts after pneumococcal infection. However, the degree of decline was much lower in the TLR4-deficient mice compared to the wild-type mice. Our findings indicate that impaired TLR4 function might be the basis of the reduced pulmonary resistance to S. pneumoniae caused by gut microbiota disruption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.