ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2019
Preservation Effect: Cigarette Smoking Acts on the Dynamic of Influences Among Unifying Neuropsychiatric Triple Networks in Schizophrenia.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Chronic Tobacco Smoking and Brain Alterations in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- [Dynamic alterations in regional brain activity associated with bipolar disorder and smoking status].Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Resting-state connectivity and tobacco smoking in clinical high-risk for psychosis (NAPLS-3).General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Neuroimage Analysis Methods and Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Reliable Biomarkers and Accurate Diagnosis of Schizophrenia: Achievements Made by Chinese Scholars Around the Past Decade.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Schizophrenia and Neurodevelopment: Insights From Connectome Perspective.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Abnormal resting-state effective connectivity of triple network predicts smoking motivations among males.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Tobacco smoking and nicotine vaping in persons with first episode psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2024Article
- The association between gray matter volume in the hippocampal subfield and antidepressant efficacy mediated by abnormal dynamic functional connectivity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Altered functional dynamics gradient in schizophrenia with cigarette smoking.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Article
- Attenuated brain white matter functional network interactions in Parkinson's disease.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- Aberrant triple-network connectivity patterns discriminate biotypes of first-episode medication-naive schizophrenia in two large independent cohorts.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Different posterior hippocampus and default mode network modulation in young APOE ε4 carriers: a functional connectome-informed phenotype longitudinal study.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Article
- 4D Modeling of fMRI Data via Spatio-Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks (ST-CNN).IEEE transactions on cognitive and developmental systems · 2020Article
- Progressive brain structural alterations assessed via causal analysis in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Transdiagnostic Dysfunctions in Brain Modules Across Patients with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder: A Connectome-Based Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2020Article
- Effect of Risperidone Monotherapy on Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Insular Subdivisions in Treatment-Naive, First-Episode Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2020Article
- Altered Effective Connectivity of Bilateral Hippocampus in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Reconfiguration of dynamic large-scale brain network functional connectivity in generalized tonic-clonic seizures.Human brain mapping · 2020Article
- Generalizability of machine learning for classification of schizophrenia based on resting-state functional MRI data.Human brain mapping · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe high prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenia (SZ) is generally explained by the self-medication theory. However, its neurobiological mechanism remains unclear. The impaired dynamic of influences among unifying neuropsychiatric triple networks in SZ, including the central executive network (CEN), the default mode network (DMN), and the salience network (SN), might explain the nature of their syndromes, whereas smoking could regulate the dynamics within networks. Therefore, this study examined whether cigarette smoking could elicit a distinct improvement in the dynamics of triple networks in SZ and associated with the alleviation of symptoms.
methodsFour groups were recruited, namely, SZ smoking (n = 22)/nonsmoking (n = 25), and healthy controls smoking (n = 22)/nonsmoking (n = 21). All participants underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The dynamics among unifying neuropsychiatric triple networks were measured using Granger causality analysis on the resting-sate fMRI signal. Interaction effects between SZ and smoking on dynamics were detected using 2-way analysis of covariance, correcting for sex, age, and education level.
resultsWhereas smoking reduced SN→DMN dynamic in healthy controls, it preserved the dynamic in SZ, thus suggesting a preservation effect. Moreover, smoking additionally increased DMN→CEN dynamic in SZ.
conclusionsThis finding from neural pathways shed new insights into the prevailing self-medication hypothesis in SZ. More broadly, this study elaborates on the neurobiological dynamics that may assist in the treatment of the symptomatology of SZ.
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