ArticleActa ophthalmologica2019
Cytokine profiles of phakic and pseudophakic eyes with primary retinal detachment.
Article in Acta ophthalmologica, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of IL-6-174 G/C polymorphism and intraocular IL-6 levels in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2020Pooled it
- Postoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy development is linked to vitreal CXCL5 concentrations.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Olink proteomics profiling platform reveals inflammatory protein biomarkers in vitreous with different degrees of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Pathogenic mechanisms and treatment advances in proliferative vitreoretinopathy: A review.Medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- An Approach to Predict Intraocular Diseases by Machine Learning Based on Vitreous Humor Immune Mediator Profile.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Evaluating the long-term biological stability of cytokine biomarkers in ocular fluid samples.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2023Article
- CCL13 and human diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Upregulation of Neuroinflammatory Protein Biomarkers in Acute Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Risks and Challenges in Interpreting Simultaneous Analyses of Multiple Cytokines.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Distinct Serum and Vitreous Inflammation-Related Factor Profiles in Patients with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy.Advances in therapy · 2020Article
- Inflammatory and Fibrogenic Factors in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Development.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Review
- Article
- Transplantation Site Affects the Outcomes of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Retinal Degeneration.Stem cells international · 2020Article
- Biomarkers for PVR in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo compare the cytokine profiles of phakic (p) and pseudophakic (ps) eyes with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) to eyes with macular holes (MH) and to identify differences in the specific cytokine profiles.
methodsAqueous humour (AH) and vitreous fluid (VF) were obtained from patients with primary RD without proliferative vitreoretinopathy undergoing vitrectomy. AH and VF of patients with macular holes (MH) served as controls. Forty-three different cytokines were quantified using multiplex cytokine analysis. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were performed. To control for multiple comparisons, Holm's correction was applied.
resultsVF and AH samples of 71 eyes with RD (pRD N = 38; psRD N = 33) and 26 eyes with MH were included. Cytokine levels in psRD and pRD were similar (none with >10-fold difference). The levels of 39 of 43 cytokines in the VF were significantly higher in eyes with RD than in those with MH (>10-fold: CXLC5, CCL26, CCL1, IL-6, CXCL11, CCL7, CCL13, MIG/CXCL9, CCL19 and TGF-β1). In the AH, 23 of 43 cytokines were significantly higher compared to MH (>10-fold: CXCL5, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8 and CCL7).
conclusionA complex, but nonspecific cytokine environmental response seems to initiate immunological and profibrotic processes following RD. Relevant differences in the cytokine profiles of eyes with pRD and psRD were not identified, whereas cytokine differences between AH and VF in RD could be explained by upregulation in the vitreous, a higher turn around in the anterior chamber, or differences in inflammatory cascades in both compartments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.