ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2019
The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2026 iCatCare consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease in cats.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2026Guideline
- Animal Models for Studying Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Removal-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Supplementation withThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Indoxyl Sulfate, Cardiac Biomarkers, and Left Ventricular Wall Thickening in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Genome-resolved and culture-based atlas of the feline gut microbiome enables host-adapted probiotic development.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the effect of Renaltec in cats with IRIS stage 2 and 3 chronic kidney disease.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Metabolomics reveals alterations in gut-derived uremic toxins and tryptophan metabolism in feline chronic kidney disease.The veterinary quarterly · 2025Article
- Quantification of defecation frequency in cats with and without chronic kidney disease.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Faecal Microbiota Transplantation as an Adjuvant Treatment for Extraintestinal Disorders: Translating Insights from Human Medicine to Veterinary Practice.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Exploring Gut Microbiota-Targeted Therapies for Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Hydrolyzed chicken liver and increasing crude protein levels on palatability, digestibility, and intestinal fermentation products of cats.Journal of animal science · 2025Article
- Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveals the efficacy of two probiotic strains in managing feline chronic kidney disease through gut microbiome and host metabolome.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Article
- Improvement of Adsorption Capacity by Refined Encapsulating Method of Activated Carbon into the Hollow-Type Spherical Bacterial Cellulose Gels for Oral Absorbent.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Effect of Renaltec on Serum Uremic Toxins in Cats with Experimentally Induced Chronic Kidney Disease.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Adsorption Capacity of Activated Carbon-Encapsulated Hollow-Type Spherical Bacterial Cellulose Gels for Uremic Toxins in a Simulated Human Gastrointestinal Environment.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Investigation of Effects of NovelMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Exploring the Preventive and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Probiotics in Chronic Kidney Disease through the Gut-Kidney Axis.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2024Review
- Untargeted metabolomic profiling of serum from client-owned cats with early and late-stage chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIntestinal dysbiosis has been documented in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is thought to contribute to production of the uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresol sulfate (pCS). Characteristics of the fecal microbiome in cats with CKD and correlation to serum concentrations of uremic toxins are unknown.
objectivesTo characterize the fecal microbiome and measure serum IS and pCS concentrations of cats with CKD in comparison to healthy older cats. ANIMALS: Thirty client-owned cats with CKD (International Renal Interest Society stages 2-4) and 11 older (≥8 years) healthy control cats.
methodsProspective, cross-sectional study. Fecal samples were analyzed by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and Escherichia coli quantitative PCR (qPCR). Serum concentrations of IS and pCS measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
resultsCats with CKD had significantly decreased fecal bacterial diversity and richness. Escherichia coli qPCR showed no significant difference in bacteria count between control and CKD cats. Cats with stage 2 (P = .01) and stages 3 and 4 (P = .0006) CKD had significantly higher serum IS concentrations compared to control cats. No significant difference found between stage 2 and stages 3 and 4 CKD. The pCS concentrations were not significantly different between CKD cats and control cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Decreased fecal microbiome diversity and richness is associated with CKD in cats. Indoxyl sulfate concentration is significantly increased with CKD, and cats with stage 2 CKD may suffer from a similar uremic toxin burden as do cats with later stage disease.
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