ArticleeLife2018
The distribution of antibiotic use and its association with antibiotic resistance.
Article in eLife, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of vitamin D supplementation on antibiotic use: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome composition and resistome in the first years of life in low- to middle-income countries: A systematic review.PLoS medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Antimicrobial resistance in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Pooled it
- β-Lactam-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Dynamics Following Treatment: A Dose-Response Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Pooled it
- Antibiotic resistance of fecal carriage of Escherichia coli from pig farms in China: a meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Pooled it
- Assessment of Spillover of Antimicrobial Resistance to Untreated Children 7-12 Years Old After Mass Drug Administration of Azithromycin for Child Survival in Niger: A Secondary Analysis of the MORDOR Cluster-Randomized Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Age- and diet-driven assembly of the gut antibiotic resistome in humans and food-producing animals.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Resilience of recombinant antibiotic resistance gene-containing plasmids against common cell culture disposal methods.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Evolutionary inference reveals global natural histories and predicted pathways of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Burden of clinical syndromes associated with pneumococcal disease in Mexico: a retrospective analysis for 2019.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Comparison of different antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for the prevention of endophthalmitis after penetrating keratoplasty.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Exploring factors contributing to antibiotic resistance: A cross-sectional empirical study in Bangladesh.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Antibiotics and priority effects on colonizing resistant Escherichia coli strain assemblages in a community setting.PloS one · 2026Article
- AWaRe classification analysis for European countries with ARIMA forecasts to assess prescribing patterns and 'One Health' targets.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Impact of antibiotic use onVeterinary world · 2025Article
- A pharmacist-led educational and audit & feedback strategy to reduce antibiotic prescription in primary care: the AFA study.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Metabolomic Profiling and Anti-Marine drugs · 2025Article
- Gender Differences in Antibiotic Prescriptions and Healthcare Visits Among Caregivers Accompanying Children with Respiratory Tract Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- The commonly used antibiotic streptomycin reduces protein synthesis and differentiation in cultured C2C12 myotubes.Physiological reports · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibiotic use is a primary driver of antibiotic resistance. However, antibiotic use can be distributed in different ways in a population, and the association between the distribution of use and antibiotic resistance has not been explored. Here, we tested the hypothesis that repeated use of antibiotics has a stronger association with population-wide antibiotic resistance than broadly-distributed, low-intensity use. First, we characterized the distribution of outpatient antibiotic use across US states, finding that antibiotic use is uneven and that repeated use of antibiotics makes up a minority of antibiotic use. Second, we compared antibiotic use with resistance for 72 pathogen-antibiotic combinations across states. Finally, having partitioned total use into extensive and intensive margins, we found that intense use had a weaker association with resistance than extensive use. If the use-resistance relationship is causal, these results suggest that reducing total use and selection intensity will require reducing broadly distributed, low-intensity use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.