ArticleCell research2019
Blocking FSH inhibits hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and reduces serum cholesterol.
Article in Cell research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02810821 (Association Between Serum Gonadal Hormone, Gonadotropin and Cardiovascular Events), which is not on this map. Cited by 79 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association Between Serum Gonadal Hormone, Gonadotropin and Cardiovascular Events
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed.
- High Circulating Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Level Is a Potential Risk Factor for Renal Dysfunction in Post-Menopausal Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Trial
- Metabolic homeostasis and women's reproductive health.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Is Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Misnamed? Rethinking Its Role in Menopause as a Systemic Regulator of Bone, Brain, Metabolism, and Aging.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Emerging roles of the metabolic regulator 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-CoA reductase in human cancers: From biology to therapeutics.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism decreases cervical cancer cells' migratory ability caused by propofol in vitro.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Peripheral Metabolism: Novel Insights into Growth Regulation and Potential Applications in Boar Production.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Mechanistic redundancy and hierarchy of aging mechanisms: implications for strategies to extend healthspan and biomarker integration.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Its Emerging Role in Coronary Atherosclerosis Among Postmenopausal Women: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of women's health · 2026Review
- Effect of Normal Level Endocrine Hormones and Hypothalamic Neuropeptides on Obesity in Women of Childbearing Age.Journal of obesity · 2026Article
- Development of a cAMP biosensor-based assay for measuring serum bioactive concentrations of FSH.PloS one · 2026Article
- Nutrient Intake and Menopausal Symptoms in Perimenopausal Women.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Cholesterol metabolism and cancer: Molecular mechanisms, immune regulation and an epidemiological perspective (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Association of follicle-stimulating hormone with dyslipidaemia in men with obstructive sleep apnoea.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Advantages and Possibility of Transcription Factors FOXOs in HCC.Cell biochemistry and function · 2025Review
- Targeting FSHR is a highly promising strategy for improving cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sleep disorders impact hormonal regulation: unravelling the relationship among sleep disorders, hormones and metabolic diseases.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- LXR pathway drives hormonal response intensity in polycystic ovary syndrome.EMBO molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Sex differences in proteomics of cardiovascular disease -International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Decreased protein activator of interferon induced protein kinase (PRKRA) involved in menopause-related cholesterol metabolic disorders by regulating cholesterol biosynthesis.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- FSH enhances the inflammatory response of macrophages in the knee joint possibly through the NFκB pathway.FEBS open bio · 2025Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
31 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Menopause is associated with dyslipidemia and an increased risk of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The classic view assumes that the underlying mechanism of dyslipidemia is attributed to an insufficiency of estrogen. In addition to a decrease in estrogen, circulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels become elevated at menopause. In this study, we find that blocking FSH reduces serum cholesterol via inhibiting hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis. First, epidemiological results show that the serum FSH levels are positively correlated with the serum total cholesterol levels, even after adjustment by considering the effects of serum estrogen. In addition, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is significantly higher in peri-menopausal women than that in pre-menopausal women. Furthermore, we generated a mouse model of FSH elevation by intraperitoneally injecting exogenous FSH into ovariectomized (OVX) mice, in which a normal level of estrogen (E2) was maintained by exogenous supplementation. Consistently, the results indicate that FSH, independent of estrogen, increases the serum cholesterol level in this mouse model. Moreover, blocking FSH signaling by anti-FSHβ antibody or ablating the FSH receptor (FSHR) gene could effectively prevent hypercholesterolemia induced by FSH injection or high-cholesterol diet feeding. Mechanistically, FSH, via binding to hepatic FSHRs, activates the Gi2α/β-arrestin-2/Akt pathway and subsequently inhibits the binding of FoxO1 with the SREBP-2 promoter, thus preventing FoxO1 from repressing SREBP-2 gene transcription. This effect, in turn, results in the upregulation of SREBP-2, which drives HMGCR nascent transcription and de novo cholesterol biosynthesis, leading to the increase of cholesterol accumulation. This study uncovers that blocking FSH signaling might be a new strategy for treating hypercholesterolemia during menopause, particularly for women in peri-menopause characterized by FSH elevation only.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.