Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30558008›Full record

ArticleMedicine2018

Echogenic alteration in the raphe nuclei measured by transcranial sonography in patients with Parkinson disease and depression.

Xue Jiao Liu, Li Zhang, Yong Fang Zhang, Wen Xu, Yang Hu, Ying Liu, Jing Bai

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Xue Jiao LiuDepartment of Neurology, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, Tianjin.
Li ZhangDepartment of Neurology, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang.
Yong Fang ZhangDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun.
Wen XuDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun.
Yang HuWuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Ying LiuDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun.
Jing BaiDepartment of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun.
First Hospital of Jilin University · CNJilin University · CNNanyang Institute of Technology · CNTianjin Hospital · CNWuxi No.2 People's Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecently, several studies using transcranial sonography (TCS) have demonstrated reduced echogenicity of the mesencephalic midline in unipolar depression and patients with comorbid depression and Parkinson disease (PD). However, there is no consensus on the conclusion that raphe nuclei (RN) hypoechogenicity is associated with depression in PD. The methods used in previous studies lack quantitative and objective indicators to some extent; therefore, the present study used the level of platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) as an objective indicator of depression. Additionally, the reason for the reduced echogenicity of the brainstem raphe is still unclear.

objectivesThe purpose of the present study was to assess the correlation between alterations in RN echogenicity and depressive symptoms in patients with PD using transcranial sonography (TCS). This information could provide a meaningful clinical reference for the antidiastole between depressive symptoms in PD and unipolar depression in patients with PD in whom depressive symptoms occur before motor symptoms.

methodsTCS was performed in patients with PD, patients with PD and depression, patients with depression and no PD, and healthy controls. Using the red nucleus as a reference, the RN was rated from grades 0 to 1 (grade 0: invisible, slightly echogenic, or interrupted RN; grade 1: hyperechogenicity in the RN observed as a continuous line).

resultsThe rate of abnormal RN (grade 0) was found to be 16.67% in patients with PD (5/30) and 14.29% in healthy controls (4/28). The presence of abnormal RN was significantly higher (χ = 15.983, P < .05) in patients with depression and PD (40%, 12/30) and in patients with depression only (58.33%, 14/24) than in those without depression and healthy controls. No correlation was found between RN changes and depression severity (P > .05). There were no statistical differences in the concentration of platelet serotonin among the 4 groups (P > .05).

conclusionsTCS of the mesencephalic midline may be useful for detecting depression, which is an early symptom of PD. However, further neuropathological studies are needed to understand the principles underlying the use of platelet serotonin as a peripheral biomarker, as well as the connection between PD and depression.

Indexed as

Blood PlateletsCase-Control StudiesDepressive DisorderEchoencephalographyFemaleHumansMaleMesencephalonMiddle AgedParkinson DiseaseRaphe NucleiSerotoninSerotonin

Identifiers

PMID30558008
PMCPMC6320211
OpenAlexW2903883021

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.