ArticleJournal of clinical periodontology2019
An appraisal of the role of specific bacteria in the initial pathogenesis of periodontitis.
Article in Journal of clinical periodontology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of toothpaste use on the subgingival microbiome: a pilot randomized clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- The impact of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-143 toothpaste on gingivitis and oral microbiota in adults: a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial.BMC oral health · 2024Trial
- The Effect ofPolish journal of microbiology · 2020Trial
- The Role ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reframing Periodontitis: A Concise Review of Shifting Paradigms and Contemporary Clinical Practice.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Salivary Microvesicle Methylome and Microbiome Profiles in Periodontitis: An Exploratory Study.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Article
- Comparison of the Antimicrobial Effect of Atorvastatin and Nano-Atorvastatin Mouthwash onJournal of dentistry (Shiraz, Iran) · 2026Article
- The Role of Vitamin DNutrients · 2026Review
- Dose-dependent association of systemic comorbidities with periodontitis severity: A large population cross-sectional study.Journal of periodontology · 2026Observational
- Tantalum Coating Enhances Proliferation, Osteogenesis, and Antimicrobial Properties of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells.Iranian journal of biotechnology · 2026Article
- A Crosstalk Between Periodontal Disease and Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Risk Assessment and Diagnosis-A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Human calculus adhesive-induced periodontitis model recapitulating human periodontitis microbiota in rats.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Ginger as a Potential Remedy for Periodontitis Treatment: A Review on the Present Evidence.Health science reports · 2025Article
- The Global Burden of Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review on Unveiling Socioeconomic and Health Challenges.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Review
- Hallmarks of Periodontitis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Microbial dysbiosis and immune dysregulation in periodontitis and peri-implantitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Irisin, a promising adipomyokine, shows low levels in relation to periodontal diseases, unlike visfatin and IL-6 (case-control study).Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Inflammation and mechanical force-induced bone remodeling.Periodontology 2000 · 2024Review
- Albumin nanoparticles are a promising drug delivery system in dentistry.Biomedical engineering online · 2024Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHistorically, inflammatory periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) have been recognized as being primarily of bacterial origin. Bacteria are necessary for disease development, but the presence of specific bacteria does not guarantee progression to periodontitis. Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease; specific bacteria are associated with disease, but may not be the target of treatment. Gingivitis and periodontitis are inflammatory conditions associated with bacterial overgrowth.
aimTo analyse evidence for established thought that specific bacteria directly participate in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and question the long-held tenet that penetration of the periodontal connective tissues by bacteria and their products is a significant phase in the initial development of periodontitis.
methodsThe literature was searched for studies on initiation of gingivitis and periodontitis by specific pathogens. The search results were insufficient for a systematic review and have been summarized in a commentary instead.
resultsThere is very little evidence in the literature to support the commonly held concept that specific bacteria initiate periodontitis.
conclusionWe present evidence for a paradigm supporting the central role of inflammation, rather than specific microbiota, in the early pathogenesis of periodontitis, and discuss whether controlling the inflammation can influence the character and composition of the periodontal infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.