ReviewAnesthesiology2019
Supraspinal Mechanisms of Spinal Cord Stimulation for Modulation of Pain: Five Decades of Research and Prospects for the Future.
Review in Anesthesiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04735159 (Development of a Predictive Model of Effectiveness for the Implantation of Electrical Neurostimulators in Patients With Chronic Pain Using Imaging Biomarkers Extracted From Magnetic Resonance), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Development of a Predictive Model of Effectiveness for the Implantation of Electrical Neurostimulators in Patients With Chronic Pain Using Imaging Biomarkers Extracted From Magnetic Resonance
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- A predictive corticospinal model for pain perception.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Dorsal root ganglion neuromodulation restores accumbal gate to inhibit mechanical allodynia.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Electromagnetic neuromodulation for chronic pain: historical context, contemporary modalities, and evidence gaps.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Predictive Factors of Successful Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Supraspinal Mechanisms of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Pain Mitigation: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Rates and Causes of Reoperations Following Spinal Cord Stimulation Within a 2-12 year Period.Global spine journal · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and clinical progress of spinal cord stimulation in refractory chronic pain: an overview.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- 10. Complex regional pain syndrome.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2025Review
- A preliminary study exploring the effects of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation on spinal excitability and phantom limb pain in people with a transtibial amputation.Journal of neural engineering · 2024Article
- New Perspectives for Spinal Cord Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease-Associated Gait Impairment: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Individuals With Prior Chronic Pain and Long-Term Opioid Treatment May Experience Persistence of That Pain Even After Subsequent Complete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: Suggestions From a Prospective Case-Controlled Study.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2024Article
- Anatomo-physiological basis and applied techniques of electrical neuromodulation in chronic pain.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2024Review
- RETRACTED: A meta-analysis on the impact of spinal cord stimulation on post-operative wound healing in patients with multiple sclerosis.International wound journal · 2024Article
- GABAergic Signaling during Spinal Cord Stimulation Reduces Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Porcine Model.Anesthesiology · 2023Article
- Different Types of Pain in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Require a Personalized Treatment Strategy.Journal of pain research · 2023Review
- The Emerging Role of Quercetin in the Treatment of Chronic Pain.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Spinal Cord Stimulation in Chronic Low Back Pain Syndrome: Mechanisms of Modulation, Technical Features and Clinical Application.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Spinal Cord Stimulation to Treat Unresponsive Cancer Pain: A Possible Solution in Palliative Oncological Therapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Trans-Spinal Electrical Stimulation Therapy for Functional Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The role of endogenous opioid neuropeptides in neurostimulation-driven analgesia.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The field of spinal cord stimulation is expanding rapidly, with new waveform paradigms asserting supraspinal sites of action. The scope of treatment applications is also broadening from chronic pain to include cerebral ischemia, dystonia, tremor, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, memory, addiction, cognitive function, and other neurologic diseases. The role of neurostimulation as an alternative strategy to opioids for chronic pain treatment is under robust discussion in both scientific and public forums. An understanding of the supraspinal mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of spinal cord stimulation will aid in the appropriate application and development of optimal stimulation strategies for modulating pain signaling pathways. In this review, the authors focus on clinical and preclinical studies that indicate the role of supraspinal mechanisms in spinal cord stimulation-induced pain inhibition, and explore directions for future investigations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.