ArticleJournal of materials research2018
Structure-Property Relationships for 3D printed PEEK Intervertebral Lumbar Cages Produced using Fused Filament Fabrication.
Article in Journal of materials research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06782711 (Efficacy and Safety of Customized Skull Implants Made of Polyetheretheretherketone Using Three-dimensional Printing in Patients Undergoing Cranioplasty), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of Customized Skull Implants Made of Polyetheretheretherketone Using Three-dimensional Printing in Patients Undergoing Cranioplasty
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Additively Manufactured Partially Porous PAEK Topologies for Proximal Tibia Revision Cones and Sleeves.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Material and Geometric Innovations in Lumbar and Cervical Interbody Devices: A Systematic Scoping Review.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Design of 3D-printed hydroxyapatite intervertebral fusion cages in a patient specific framework.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2026Article
- Impact of Layer Thickness on Mechanical Properties and Surface Roughness of FDM-Printed Carbon Fiber-PEEK Composite.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Static and Cyclic Mechanical Behavior of 3D-Printed PEEK Under Tensile and Compressive Loads.Polymers · 2026Article
- Limb-Salvage Reconstruction of the Proximal Humerus Using Patient-Specific 3D-Printed PEEK Implants: A Midterm Clinical Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- 3D-printed porous titanium versus PEEK interbody cages in lumbar fusion: biomechanical rationale, clinical evidence, and emerging indications.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Preclinical evaluation of lateral interbody fusions using 3D printed PEEK or 3D printed titanium cages.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Transforming spinal surgery with innovations in biologics and additive manufacturing.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Theoretical Investigation of Photon Interaction and X-Ray Imaging Performance of PEEK-Based Composites for Medical Implants.Polymers · 2025Article
- Patient-specific 3D-Printed PEEK implants for spinal tumor surgery.Journal of orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Polyetheretherketone Double Functionalization with Bioactive Peptides Improves Human Osteoblast Response.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring the mechanical strength, antimicrobial performance, and bioactivity of 3D-printed silicon nitride-PEEK composites in cervical spinal cages.International journal of bioprinting · 2024Article
- A self-assembling graphene oxide coating for enhanced bactericidal and osteogenic properties of poly-ether-ether-ketone.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- High-Cycle Fatigue Behaviour of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Produced by Additive Manufacturing.Polymers · 2023Article
- Influence of Three-Dimensional Printing Parameters on Compressive Properties and Surface Smoothness of Polylactic Acid Specimens.Polymers · 2023Article
- Mechanical performance and bioactivation of 3D-printed PEEK for high-performance implant manufacture: a review.Progress in biomaterials · 2023Review
- Strategies for the Covalent Anchoring of a BMP-2-Mimetic Peptide to PEEK Surface for Bone Tissue Engineering.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Bioactive PEEK: Surface Enrichment of Vitronectin-Derived Adhesive Peptides.Biomolecules · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Recent advances in additive manufacturing technology now enable fused filament fabrication (FFF) of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK). A standardized lumbar fusion cage design was 3D printed with different speeds of the print head nozzle to investigate whether 3D printed PEEK cages exhibit sufficient material properties for lumbar fusion applications. It was observed that the compressive and shear strength of the 3D printed cages were 63-71% of the machined cages, whereas the torsion strength was 92%. Printing speed is an important printing parameter for 3D printed PEEK, which resulted in up to 20% porosity at the highest speed of 3000 mm/min, leading to reduced cage strength. Printing speeds below 1500 mm/min can be chosen as the optimal printing speed for this printer to reduce the printing time while maintaining strength. The crystallinity of printed PEEK did not differ significantly from as-machined PEEK cages from extruded rods, indicating that the processing provides similar microstructure.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.