ArticleEarly human development2019
Association between prenatal opioid exposure, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, and neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes at 5-8 months of age.
Article in Early human development, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers to opioid replacement therapy in pregnant women with opioid use disorder: a systematic review.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic Review: Polysubstance Prevalence Estimates Reported during Pregnancy, US, 2009-2020.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Pooled it
- Cognitive Outcomes of Young Children After Prenatal Exposure to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Severity Index Predicts 18-Month Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Neonates Randomized to Morphine or Methadone.The Journal of pediatrics · 2020Trial
- Association of prenatal exposure to opioids, cannabis, and polysubstance use with cord blood DNA methylation patterns in a multiancestry cohort.Epigenetics · 2026Article
- A Scoping Review of Non-Opioid Therapeutics for Opioid Withdrawal: Translational Relevance to Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) Research.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Anxiety, Depression, and Emotional Dysregulation Following Prenatal Substance Exposure.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Animal Models of Prenatal Opioid Exposure: Insights into Impaired Neurodevelopment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Prenatal Opioid Exposure and Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Prenatal Substance Exposure and Infant Discharge Placement: Results From the ACT NOW Study.Child maltreatment · 2025Article
- Pharmacotherapy research landscape and knowledge gaps of opioids in maternal and pediatric populations.Pharmacotherapy · 2025Review
- Disrupted maternal behavior in morphine-dependent pregnant rats and anhedonia in their offspring.Neuropharmacology · 2025Article
- Gestational Opioid Exposure: From Morphine to MOUD - How Opioids Impact Offspring Development and Maternal Care.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children prenatally exposed to opioid maintenance treatment: A population-based study.Pharmacotherapy · 2024Article
- Early developmental trajectory of children with prenatal alcohol and opioid exposure.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- The effects of prenatal exposure to opioids on early childhood development: context matters most.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2024Review
- Effects of prenatal opioid exposure on infant sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity.Psychophysiology · 2024Article
- Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Corresponding Pharmacotherapy Approaches from 2 University-affiliated Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Puerto Rico (2018-2020).Puerto Rico health sciences journal · 2024Article
- Decreased myelin-related gene expression in the nucleus accumbens during spontaneous neonatal opioid withdrawal in the absence of long-term behavioral effects in adult outbred CFW mice.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhile use of prescription opioids and medication assisted therapy (MAT) for opioid use disorder in pregnancy, as well as the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) continue to rise, little is known about outcomes for children with NOWS beyond the newborn period.
methodsWe examined 1) prenatal MAT exposure vs. unexposed healthy controls [HC]; and 2) treatment for NOWS and NOWS severity on infant neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes at 5-8 months of age in 78 maternal-infant pairs from the ENRICH prospective cohort study. Data were obtained from 3 study visits: prenatal, delivery, and neurodevelopmental evaluation at 5-8 months of age. Neurodevelopmental outcomes included the Bayley Scales of Infant Development [BSID-III], caregiver questionnaires (Parenting Stress Index [PSI-SF], Infant Behavior Questionnaire [IBQ-R], Sensory Profile), and the experimental Still-Face Paradigm (SFP).
resultsNo differences in the BSID-III, PSI-SF, or IBQ-R scores were observed between MAT and HC groups; however, MAT-exposed and HC infants differed with respect to SFP self-regulation (β = -18.9; p = 0.01) and Sensory Profile sensation seeking (OR = 4.87; 95% CI: 1.55; 15.30) after adjusting for covariates. No significant differences between Treated-for-NOWS vs. not-Treated-for-NOWS were observed. Shorter timing to NOWS treatment initiation was associated with higher Total Stress (β = -9.08; p = 0.035), while longer hospitalization was associated with higher Parent-child dysfunctional interaction (p = 0.018) on PSI-SF.
conclusionsOur results provide additional evidence of little-to-no effect of MAT and pharmacological treatment of NOWS on infant neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes at 5-8 months of age. However, prolonged hospitalization might increase family psychosocial stress and requires further examination.
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