Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30552510›Full record

Trial reportGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2019

Effects of botulinum toxin type A on the treatment of dry eye disease and tear cytokines.

Min Gyu Choi, Joon Hyung Yeo, Jeong Woo Kang, Yeoun Sook Chun, Jeong Kyu Lee, Jae Chan Kim

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Min Gyu ChoiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Joon Hyung YeoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jeong Woo KangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Yeoun Sook ChunDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jeong Kyu LeeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Jae Chan KimDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. jck50ey@daum.net.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6981-8941
Chung-Ang University Hospital · KRNune Eye Hospital · KRUlsan College · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo determine the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection on dry eye signs, symptoms, and tear cytokine levels in patients with intractable dry eye disease (DED).

methodsIn this prospective study, patients with intractable DED were randomized to a BTX-A (group A) or control group (group B). Patients were injected with BTX-A or normal saline in the medial part of the upper and lower eyelids. Before and at 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, and 4 months after injection, dry eye signs; tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer I test, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and symptoms; ocular surface disease index (OSDI); and frequency of lubricants were assessed. The tear levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and serotonin were measured before and at 1 month after injection.

resultsFifty-two eyes from 26 patients (mean age, 57.7 years) were included. The TBUT was higher at 2 weeks and at 1 month in group A. The Schirmer I test and OSDI scores were also better in group A for up to 2 months. The CFS grades in group A were significantly lower until 4 months. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) demonstrated significant differences between the two groups over time for the Schirmer I test (p = 0.002), CFS (p = 0.025), OSDI (p = 0.020), and frequency of lubricants (p = 0.029). The MMP-9 conversion rate of group A (76.92%) was significantly higher than that of group B (38.46%, p = 0.005). The tear serotonin level in group A was reduced from 2.76 ± 0.34 to 1.73 ± 0.14 ng/mL (p < 0.001). No complications were observed during the study.

conclusionBTX-A injection into the medial part of eyelid improves dry eye signs and symptoms and reduces tear cytokine levels. BTX-A is thus a potential treatment option for patients with intractable DED.

Indexed as

Botulinum Toxins, Type ACytokinesDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodDry Eye SyndromesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInjections, SubcutaneousMaleMiddle AgedNeurotoxinsProspective StudiesTearsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeBotulinum Toxins, Type ACytokinesNeurotoxinsBotulinum toxinDry eye diseaseMatrix metalloproteinase-9Ocular surface disease indexSerotonin

Identifiers

PMID30552510
OpenAlexW2903930298

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.