ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2019
Motor Cortex Excitability Reflects the Subjective Value of Reward and Mediates Its Effects on Incentive-Motivated Performance.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increased exertion variability is linked to disruptions in effort assessment in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- Instrumental-Motor Transfer: The Relative Value of Competing Movement Goals Modulates Implicit Motor Learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Incentive valence differentially engages open- and closed-loop basal ganglia circuits during movement initiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Striatal and cerebellar interactions during reward-based motor performance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Striatal and cerebellar interactions during reward-based motor performance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Are opioids effective analgesics and is physiological opioid dependence benign? Revising current assumptions to effectively manage long-term opioid therapy and its deprescribing.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Review
- Neurobiological foundations and clinical relevance of effort-based decision-making.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Review
- The Mesocortical System Encodes the Strength of Subsequent Force Generation.Neuroscience insights · 2024Article
- Communicative modulations of early action components support the prediction of distal goals.PloS one · 2024Article
- Internal states as a source of subject-dependent movement variability are represented by large-scale brain networks.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Premovement activity in the mesocortical system links peak force but not initiation of force generation under incentive motivation.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Dopamine facilitates the translation of physical exertion into assessments of effort.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
- Modulation of Motor Vigor by Expectation of Reward Probability Trial-by-Trial Is Preserved in Healthy Ageing and Parkinson's Disease Patients.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- The role of ventral tegmental area in chronic stroke rehabilitation: an exploratory study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Reward, motivation and brain imaging in human healthy participants - A narrative review.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Review
- Endogenous dopamine transmission is crucial for motor skill recovery after stroke.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
- The reward for placebos: mechanisms underpinning placebo-induced effects on motor performance.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Review
- Sensorimotor Cortex GABA Moderates the Relationship between Physical Exertion and Assessments of Effort.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022Article
- Complex Persistent Opioid Dependence-an Opioid-induced Chronic Pain Syndrome.Current treatment options in oncology · 2022Review
- The dissociable effects of reward on sequential motor behavior.Journal of neurophysiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Performance-based incentives tend to increase an individual's motivation, resulting in enhancements in behavioral output. While much work has focused on understanding how the brain's reward circuitry influences incentive-motivated performance, fewer studies have investigated how such reward representations act on the motor system. Here we measured motor cortical excitability with transcranial magnetic stimulation while female and male human participants performed a motoric incentive motivation task for prospective monetary gains and losses. We found that individuals' performance increased for increasing prospective gains and losses. While motor cortical excitability appeared insensitive to prospective loss, temporal features of motor cortical excitability for prospective gains were modulated by an independent measure of an individual's subjective preferences for incentive (i.e., loss aversion). Those individuals that were more loss averse had a greater motor cortical sensitivity to prospective gain, closer to movement onset. Critically, behavioral sensitivity to incentive and motor cortical sensitivity to prospective gains were both predicted by loss aversion. Furthermore, causal modeling indicated that motor cortical sensitivity to incentive mediated the relationship between subjective preferences for incentive and behavioral sensitivity to incentive. Together, our findings suggest that motor cortical activity integrates information about the subjective value of reward to invigorate incentive-motivated performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.