ArticleDiabetes care2019
Impaired Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones Is Associated With Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.
Article in Diabetes care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07126353 (Metabolic Risk Assessment in Prepubertal Children With Congenital Hypothyroidism), which is not on this map. Cited by 197 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Metabolic Risk Assessment in Prepubertal Children With Congenital Hypothyroidism (IpoMet)
Who cites it
197 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 295 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2024 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on diagnosis and management of genetic disorders of thyroid hormone transport, metabolism and action.European thyroid journal · 2024Guideline
- Effects of acarbose and metformin on thyroid function and thyroid hormone sensitivity in type 2 diabetes patients: a post-hoc analysis of the MARCH study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Trial
- Circulating concentrations of free triiodothyronine are associated with central adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in young euthyroid adults.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2022Trial
- Association between central thyroid hormone dysregulation and chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Endocrine-Metabolic Crosstalk Between Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism: From Network Mechanisms to Translational Stratification.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Thyroid Hormones and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review of Findings from 18 Years of Follow-up in Tehran Thyroid Study (TTS).International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and risks of all-cause, cardiovascular, and diabetes-related mortality in adults with obesity: A nationally representative cohort study.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Association between thyroid hormone and pre-sarcopenic obesity in euthyroid population: a prospective cohort study.European thyroid journal · 2026Article
- Review
- Deciphering the obesity paradox in phenotypic age acceleration through thyroid hormone sensitivity: results from NHANES 2007-2010.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Review
- Thyroid-metabolic interactions in pediatric epilepsy: insights from central sensitivity indices and peripheral hormone markers.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the relationship between coronary artery disease complexity and metabolic and hormonal parameters in non-diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- Article
- Effect of thyrotropin suppression therapy on bone microarchitecture in postoperative patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.Gland surgery · 2026Article
- Thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and hs-CRP as biochemical predictors of arteriovenous fistula maturation in diabetic nephropathy.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2026Article
- Prognostic significance of preoperative thyroid hormone sensitivity status for recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Subclinical myocardial dysfunction in treatment naive papillary thyroid carcinoma patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Impaired central sensitivity to thyroid hormones is associated with increased liver fibrosis degree in the euthyroid population.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Correlation of Thyroid Hormone Levels and Sensitivity With Metabolic Syndrome in Older Adults.Journal of diabetes · 2026Article
137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDiabetes prevalence and incidence increase among individuals with hypothyroidism but also among those with hyperthyroxinemia, which seems contradictory. Both high free thyroxine (fT4) and high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are present in the resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome. A mild acquired resistance to thyroid hormone might occur in the general population and be associated with diabetes. We aimed to analyze the association of resistance to thyroid hormone indices (the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index [TFQI], proposed in this work, and the previously used Thyrotroph T4 Resistance Index and TSH Index) with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe calculated the aforementioned resistance to thyroid hormone indices based on a U.S. representative sample of 5,129 individuals ≥20 years of age participating in the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Also, to approximate TFQI, a U.S.-referenced Parametric TFQI (PTFQI) can be calculated with the spreadsheet formula =NORM.DIST(fT4_cell_in_pmol_per_L,10.075,2.155,TRUE)+NORM.DIST(LN(TSH_cell_in_mIU_per_L),0.4654,0.7744,TRUE)-1. Outcomes of interest were glycohemoglobin ≥6.5%, diabetes medication, diabetes-related deaths (diabetes as contributing cause of death), and additionally, in a fasting subsample, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Logistic and Poisson regressions were adjusted for sex, age, and race/ethnicity.
resultsOdd ratios for the fourth versus the first quartile of TFQI were 1.73 (95% CI 1.32, 2.27) (
conclusionsHigher values in resistance to thyroid hormone indices are associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetes-related mortality. Resistance to thyroid hormone may reflect energy balance problems driving type 2 diabetes. These indices may facilitate monitoring treatments focused on energy balance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.