ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2018
Examining the Association and Directionality between Mental Health Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents and Young Adults in the U.S. and Canada-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Substance use and co-occurring mental health conditions among adolescents and young adults in North America: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of mental disorders among young people living in urban slums of low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Pooled it
- Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Adolescent Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review.Pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use, and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Identifying transdiagnostically relevant risk and protective factors for internalizing psychopathology: An umbrella review of longitudinal meta-analyses.Journal of psychiatric research · 2023Pooled it
- Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Brief Interventions on Internalizing Symptoms and Substance Use in Youth: A Systematic Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Substance use and depressive and anxiety symptoms among out-of-school adolescent girls and young women in Cape Town, South Africa.South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde · 2020Trial
- A narrative review of school-based preventive interventions on mental disorders and addictions.Discover mental health · 2026Review
- Mental health and substance use among women frequenting high-risk venues in Haiphong, Vietnam: findings from an adapted PLACE survey.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Substance Misuse Prevalence and Risk Factors in Adolescents and Young Adults With Depression.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Transitions Between Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms and Associations with Substance Use among US Young Adults, 2016-2023.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Concurrent mental health and substance use disorders among Canadian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based study.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2026Article
- The prevalence of cannabis use pre-versus post-cannabis legalization in Canada by mental health status: findings from national repeat cross-sectional surveys.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Adolescent Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychotic, Bipolar, Depressive, and Anxiety Disorders.JAMA health forum · 2026Article
- Differential associations of mental health, mild traumatic brain injury and substance use between male and female university students.PloS one · 2026Article
- A latent profile analysis of opioid-related knowledge, social relationships, and campus connectedness among college students.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Impact of problematic substance use and social anxiety on school functioning: Insights from the Texas Youth Depression and Suicide Research Network.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Mental health and wellbeing outcomes associated with social, medical, and legal gender affirmation among trans young people in Australia.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. and Canada.
methodsThe following databases were used: Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis used odds ratios as the pooled measure of effect.
resultsA total of 3656 studies were screened and 36 were selected. Pooled results showed a positive association between depression and use of alcohol (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24⁻1.83), cannabis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10⁻1.51), and tobacco (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43⁻1.92). Significant associations were also found between anxiety and use of alcohol (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19⁻2.00), cannabis (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02⁻1.81), and tobacco (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.54⁻3.17). A bidirectional relationship was observed with tobacco use at baseline leading to depression at follow-up (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.23⁻2.85) and depression at baseline leading to tobacco use at follow-up (OR = 1.22, CI = 1.09⁻1.37). A unidirectional relationship was also observed with cannabis use leading to depression (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.19⁻1.49).
conclusionThis study offers insights into the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Our findings can help guide key stakeholders in making recommendations for interventions, policy and programming.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.