ReviewACS chemical neuroscience2019
Hacking the Brain: Dimensions of Cognitive Enhancement.
Review in ACS chemical neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive Remediation for Adolescents With Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with caffeine promotes executive function in healthy females.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Influence of mental health and physical activity on memory complaints in older adults: results from the HUNT study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Cognitive gene enhancements and the capitalist meritocracy.BMC medical ethics · 2026Article
- A Mini-review on Unlocking Cognitive Enhancement: An Innovative Strategy for Optimal Brain Functions.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Individual differences and motives for the acceptance of cognitive enhancement: A mixed-methods investigation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Acute Supplementation of Soluble Mango Leaf Extract (ZynamitePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Targeting Neural Oscillations for Cognitive Enhancement in Alzheimer's Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Long-term effects of yoga-based practices on neural, cognitive, psychological, and physiological outcomes in adults: a scoping review and evidence map.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- The Issue of "Smart Drugs" on the Example of Modafinil: Toxicological Analysis of Evidences and Biological Samples.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Article
- Ginkgo Biloba as a niche theme cognitive enhancer agent, 1420 dokumen of Scopus database. A bibliometric study from 1988 to 2024.F1000Research · 2025Article
- Photobiomodulation mechanisms: duration of action in the human prefrontal cortex.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Scaffolding theory of maturation, cognition, motor performance, and motor skill acquisition: a revised and comprehensive framework for understanding motor-cognitive interactions across the lifespan.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement Among International Medical Students: Assessing Study Habits as a Novel Factor.Medical science educator · 2024Article
- Advancements in brain-machine interfaces for application in the metaverse.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Reverse effect of home-use binaural beats brain stimulation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Grand Theft Auto-Based Cycling Simulator for Cognitive Enhancement Technologies in Dangerous Traffic Situations.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Brain functional connectivity and network characteristics changes after vagus nerve stimulation in patients with refractory epilepsy.Translational neuroscience · 2023Article
- On pharmacological neuroenhancement as part of the new neurorights' pioneering legislation in Chile: a perspective.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
- Cognitive Enhancement through Differential Rope Skipping after Math Lesson.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In an increasingly complex information society, demands for cognitive functioning are growing steadily. In recent years, numerous strategies to augment brain function have been proposed. Evidence for their efficacy (or lack thereof) and side effects has prompted discussions about ethical, societal, and medical implications. In the public debate, cognitive enhancement is often seen as a monolithic phenomenon. On a closer look, however, cognitive enhancement turns out to be a multifaceted concept: There is not one cognitive enhancer that augments brain function per se, but a great variety of interventions that can be clustered into biochemical, physical, and behavioral enhancement strategies. These cognitive enhancers differ in their mode of action, the cognitive domain they target, the time scale they work on, their availability and side effects, and how they differentially affect different groups of subjects. Here we disentangle the dimensions of cognitive enhancement, review prominent examples of cognitive enhancers that differ across these dimensions, and thereby provide a framework for both theoretical discussions and empirical research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.