ArticleLasers in surgery and medicine2019
Induction of fat apoptosis by a non-thermal device: Mechanism of action of non-invasive high-intensity electromagnetic technology in a porcine model.
Article in Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic (HIFEM) Energy With and Without Radiofrequency for Noninvasive Body Contouring: A Systematic Review.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Quantitative Analysis of Core Muscle Strengthening, Body Composition Changes, and Metabolism After High-Energy Magnetism Inductive Therapy.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Body Contouring With Electromagnetic Treatment Plus Radiofrequency: A Review.Annals of plastic surgery · 2025Review
- Modern and Non-Invasive Methods of Fat Removal.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Concomitant use of radiofrequency and high intensity focused electromagnetic field energies for full-body remodeling: MRI evidence-based prefatory trial.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2023Article
- Combination of monopolar 2 MHz radiofrequency and electrical multidirectional stimulation for reducing abdominal circumference and enhancing the muscle definition in subjects with overweight range body mass index.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2022Article
- Combination treatment for buttock and abdominal remodeling and skin improvement using HIFEM procedure and simultaneous delivery of radiofrequency and targeted pressure energy.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2021Article
- A German Prospective Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a Non-Invasive, High-intensity, Electromagnetic Abdomen and Buttock Contouring Device.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2021Article
- Clinical Study Demonstrates that Electromagnetic Muscle Stimulation Does Not Cause Injury to Fat Cells.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2021Article
- Abdominal Remodeling in Postpartum Women by Using a High-intensity Focused Electromagnetic (HIFEM) Procedure: An Investigational Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Pilot Study.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2020Article
- Efficacy of Ultrasound for Localized Fat Treatment on Clinical and Psychological Outcomes: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2020Article
- Noninvasive Induction of Muscle Fiber Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia: Effects of High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Field Evaluated in an In-Vivo Porcine Model: A Pilot Study.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2020Article
- Mechanism of nonthermal induction of apoptosis by high-intensity focused electromagnetic procedure: Biochemical investigation in a porcine model.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2020Article
- Is Rapamycin a Dietary Restriction Mimetic?The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWhile controlled thermal changes in subcutaneous tissue have been used to trigger apoptosis of fat cells and have been proven clinically efficacious, another mechanism of electromagnetic stress suggests that fat apoptosis could be achieved by a non-thermal manner as well. This animal model study investigates the use of a non-invasive high-intensity magnetic field device to induce apoptosis in fat cells.
methodsYorkshire pigs (N = 2) received one treatment (30 minutes) in the abdominal area using a High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic (HIFEM) device. Punch biopsy samples of fat tissue and blood samples were collected at the baseline, 1 and 8 hours after the treatment. Biopsy samples were sectioned and evaluated for the levels of an apoptotic index (AI) by the TUNEL method. Statistical significance was examined using the rANOVA and Tukey's test (α 5%). Biopsy samples were also assessed for molecular biomarkers. Blood samples were evaluated to determine changes related to fat and muscle metabolism. Free fatty acids (FFA), triacylglycerol (TG), glycerol and glucose (Glu) were used as the main biomarkers of fat metabolism. Creatinine, creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and interleukin 6 (IL6) served as the main biomarkers to evaluate muscle metabolism.
resultsIn treated pigs, a statistically significant increase in the apoptotic index (AI) (P = 1.17E-4) was observed. A significant difference was found between AI at baseline (AI = 18.75%) and 8-hours post-treatment (AI = 35.95%). Serum levels of fat and muscle metabolism indicated trends (FFA -0.32 mmol · l
conclusionsApplication of a high-intensity electromagnetic field in a porcine model results in adipocyte apoptosis. The analysis of serum levels suggests that HIFEM treatment influences fat and muscle metabolism. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:47-53, 2019. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.