ArticleParasites & vectors2018
Phylogenetic analysis of Spirocerca lupi and Spirocerca vulpis reveal high genetic diversity and intra-individual variation.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retrospective study of spirocercosis in coyotes (Canis latrans) in Costa Rica: epidemiology, pathological findings, and molecular characterization of Spirocerca lupi.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Integrative taxonomy in helminth analysis: protocols and limitations in the twenty-first century.Parasites & vectors · 2025Review
- New records of endoparasites and ectoparasites in free-living road-killed wild animals in the Pampa biome, Southern Brazil.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Zoonotic Mansonella ozzardi in Raccoons, Costa Rica, 2019-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Beyond Tradition: Exploring Cutting-Edge Approaches for Accurate Diagnosis of Human Filariasis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Mitochondrial and ribosomal markers in the identification of nematodes of clinical and veterinary importance.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Case report: First documented case of cerebral angiostrongyliasis caused byFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- ElucidatingFrontiers in parasitology · 2023Article
- What lies behind the curtain: Cryptic diversity in helminth parasites of human and veterinary importance.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2022Review
- A Comparative Assessment of the Diagnosis of Swallowing Impairment and Gastroesophageal Reflux in Canines and Humans.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- Mining nematode protein secretomes to explain lifestyle and host specificity.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Molecular phylogenetic study in Spirocercidae (Nematoda) with description of a new species Spirobakerus sagittalis sp. nov. in wild canid Cerdocyon thous from Brazil.Parasitology research · 2021Article
- A Revised Phylogeny of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- First report ofParasitology · 2020Article
- Unravelling Spirocerca vulpis from red foxes from Switzerland: a 20-year-old record.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- First report of Spirocerca vulpis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Portugal.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- Occurrence, prevalence, and explanatory environmental variables of Spirocerca vulpis infestation in the foxes of western Spain.Parasitology research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpirocerca lupi is a parasitic nematode of canids that can lead to a severe and potentially fatal disease. Recently, a new species, Spirocerca vulpis, was described from red foxes in Europe, suggesting a high genetic diversity of the Spirocerca spp. infecting canids. The genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of S. lupi collected from naturally-infected domestic dogs from Australia, Hungary, Israel, Italy, India and South Africa, and S. vulpis from red foxes from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy and Spain, was studied using mitochondrial and rDNA markers.
resultsA high intra-individual variation was found in the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) locus in all Spirocerca spp., ranging between 0.37-2.84%, with up to six haplotypes per specimen. In addition, a combination of phylogenetic and haplotype analyses revealed a large variability between S. lupi specimens collected from different geographical locations using the ITS1 (0.37-9.33%) and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene (1.42-6.74%). This genetic diversity led to the identification of two S. lupi genotypes circulating among dogs (PTP support > 0.829), including genotype 1 found in S. lupi from Australia, India, Israel and South Africa, and genotype 2 represented by specimens from Hungary and Italy. These genotypes presented pairwise nucleotide distances of 0.14%, 8.06% and 6.48 ± 0.28% in the small rDNA subunit (18S), ITS1 and cox1 loci, respectively. Additionally, Nei's genetic distance in the ITS1 showed a further subdivision of genotype 1 worms into 1A (Israel and South Africa) and 1B (Australia and India). A morphological analysis of the anterior and posterior extremities of genotype 1 and genotype 2 worms using scanning electron microscopy did not show any differences between the specimens, contrary to the morphological differences between S. lupi and S. vulpis.
conclusionsThese findings demonstrate the high genetic variability among Spirocerca spp. from different geographical locations, thereby expanding our understanding of the epidemiology, evolution and phylogenetic variability within the genus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.