ArticleJournal of translational medicine2018
Influence of endocrine therapy on the ratio of androgen receptor (AR) to estrogen receptor (ER) positive circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETCs) in breast cancer.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of germline variants in the metastasis of breast carcinomas.Oncotarget · 2022Article
- Pre-Menopausal Women With Breast Cancers Having High AR/ER Ratios in the Context of Higher Circulating Testosterone Tend to Have Poorer Outcomes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Circulating Tumor Cells Expressing the Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Indicate Worse Outcome in Primary, Non-Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Review
- A New Era of Prostate Cancer Precision Medicine.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in the majority of breast cancers and across the main breast cancer subtypes. Despite the high frequency of AR expression in breast cancer its appraisal remains controversial because its role is complex, dependent on the hormonal milieu. The aim of the current study was to investigate the frequency of AR and ER positive CETCs in breast cancer patients.
methodsThe number of vital CETCs was determined from blood of 66 patients suffering from breast cancer and the expression of AR and ER on these cells was investigated using the maintrac method.
resultsNumbers of CETCs/mL blood were significantly higher in patients with advanced disease as compared to patients with early stage disease. The fraction of AR positive CETCs was significantly higher than the fraction of ER positive CETCs (90% vs. 50%; P < 0.001). Patients with positive lymph nodes had less AR positive CETCs as compared to patients with negative lymph node status. The AR:ER ratio was higher in patients receiving tamoxifen therapy as compared to patients without tamoxifen therapy whereas treatment with aromatase inhibitor had no influence on AR:ER ratio.
conclusionsThe ratio of AR to ER positive CETCs, obviously, is influenced by endocrine therapy, more specifically therapy with tamoxifen. Since AR expression seems to be one of the possible mechanism of resistance to endocrine therapy this may provide a new biomarker to select patients who might benefit from combination treatment of ER and AR inhibitors.
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