ArticleDiabetes technology & therapeutics2019
Design and Clinical Evaluation of the Interoperable Artificial Pancreas System (iAPS) Smartphone App: Interoperable Components with Modular Design for Progressive Artificial Pancreas Research and Development.
Article in Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility and Preliminary Safety of Smartphone-Based Automated Insulin Delivery in Adolescents and Children With Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Trial
- Outpatient Randomized Crossover Automated Insulin Delivery Versus Conventional Therapy with Induced Stress Challenges.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- Randomized Crossover Comparison of Automated Insulin Delivery Versus Conventional Therapy Using an Unlocked Smartphone with Scheduled Pasta and Rice Meal Challenges in the Outpatient Setting.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2020Trial
- Randomized Controlled Trial of Mobile Closed-Loop Control.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- Personalized Blood Glucose Forecasting From Limited CGM Data Using Incrementally Retrained LSTM.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2025Article
- Automated Insulin Delivery for Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes: Where Do We Stand?Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Review
- Glucose Rate-of-Change and Insulin-on-Board Jointly Weighted Zone Model Predictive Control.IEEE transactions on control systems technology : a publication of the IEEE Control Systems Society · 2023Article
- At-Home Use of a Pregnancy-Specific Zone-MPC Closed-Loop System for Pregnancies Complicated by Type 1 Diabetes: A Single-Arm, Observational Multicenter Study.Diabetes care · 2023Article
- Recent progress and perspectives of continuous in vivo testing device.Materials today. Bio · 2022Review
- Feasibility of Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery with a Pregnancy-Specific Zone Model Predictive Control Algorithm.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Recent Development of Drug Delivery Systems through Microfluidics: From Synthesis to Evaluation.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Physician Knowledge Base: Clinical Decision Support Systems.Yonsei medical journal · 2022Review
- Review of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: Tailored Solutions for Subpopulations.Current opinion in biomedical engineering · 2021Article
- Activity detection and classification from wristband accelerometer data collected on people with type 1 diabetes in free-living conditions.Computers in biology and medicine · 2021Article
- Artificial Pancreas Technology Offers Hope for Childhood Diabetes.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
- Experiences of Young People and Their Caregivers of Using Technology to Manage Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Literature Review and Narrative Synthesis.JMIR diabetes · 2021Review
- Use of the Interoperable Artificial Pancreas System for Type 1 Diabetes Management During Psychological Stress.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Article
- Automated Insulin Delivery: Easy Enough to Use in Primary Care?Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is an unmet need for a modular artificial pancreas (AP) system for clinical trials within the existing regulatory framework to further AP research projects from both academia and industry. We designed, developed, and tested the interoperable artificial pancreas system (iAPS) smartphone app that can interface wirelessly with leading continuous glucose monitors (CGM), insulin pump devices, and decision-making algorithms while running on an unlocked smartphone.
methodsAfter algorithm verification, hazard and mitigation analysis, and complete system verification of iAPS, six adults with type 1 diabetes completed 1 week of sensor-augmented pump (SAP) use followed by 48 h of AP use with the iAPS, a Dexcom G5 CGM, and either a Tandem or Insulet insulin pump in an investigational device exemption study. The AP system was challenged by participants performing extensive walking without exercise announcement to the controller, multiple large meals eaten out at restaurants, two overnight periods, and multiple intentional connectivity interruptions.
resultsEven with these intentional challenges, comparison of the SAP phase with the AP study showed a trend toward improved time in target glucose range 70-180 mg/dL (78.8% vs. 83.1%; P = 0.31), and a statistically significant reduction in time below 70 mg/dL (6.1% vs. 2.2%; P = 0.03). The iAPS system performed reliably and showed robust connectivity with the peripheral devices (99.8% time connected to CGM and 94.3% time in closed loop) while requiring limited user intervention.
conclusionsThe iAPS system was safe and effective in regulating glucose levels under challenging conditions and is suitable for use in unconstrained environments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.