ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2019
Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in combination with the histone deacetylase inhibitor Belinostat in a murine hepatocellular carcinoma model.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- IDH mutation, glioma immunogenicity, and therapeutic challenge of primary mismatch repair deficient IDH-mutant astrocytoma PMMRDIA: a systematic review.Molecular oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Single-cell profiling of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma reveals stratified immune features and potential therapeutic implications.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Targeting metabolic-epigenetic-immune axis in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Immunogenicity remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and translational strategies.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Review
- MERTK inhibition improves therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Combination immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: synergies among immune checkpoints, TKIs, and chemotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- The HDAC inhibitor romidepsin renders liver cancer vulnerable to RTK targeting and immunologically active.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Plasma protein levels and hepatocellular carcinoma: a Mendelian randomization study with drug screening implications.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Mechanism and application of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma: signaling pathways and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Treatment of GI Cancers.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- LOX1-mediated supramolecular self-assembly nanomedicine for microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer towards reactivating anti-tumor immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Epigenetic modification of hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma.Virulence · 2024Review
- Network-based drug repurposing identifies small molecule drugs as immune checkpoint inhibitors for endometrial cancer.Molecular diversity · 2024Article
- Mitoepigenetics pathways and natural compounds: a dual approach to combatting hepatocellular carcinoma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- HDAC inhibitor SAHA enhances antitumor immunity via the HDAC1/JAK1/FGL1 axis in lung adenocarcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Epigenetic tuning of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs): a potential approach in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2024Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are currently tested in different combinations in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nivolumab, an anti-PD-1 agent, has gained approval in the second-line setting in the USA. Epigenetic drugs have immune-mediated antitumor effects that may improve the activity of immunotherapy agents. Our aim was to study the therapeutic efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies) in combination with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) Belinostat. In a subcutaneous Hepa129 murine HCC model, we demonstrated that Belinostat improves the antitumor activity of anti-CTLA-4 but not of anti-PD-1 therapy. This effect correlated with enhanced IFN-γ production by antitumor T-cells and a decrease in regulatory T-cells. Moreover, the combination induced early upregulation of PD-L1 on tumor antigen-presenting cells and late expression of PD-1 on tumor-infiltrating effector T-cells, suggesting the suitability of PD-1 blockade. Indeed, Belinostat combined with the simultaneous blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1 led to complete tumor rejection. These results provide a rationale for testing Belinostat in combination with checkpoint inhibitors to enhance their therapeutic activity in patients with HCC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.