ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2018
Ventral striatum's role in learning from gains and losses.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term Learning Induces Plastic Changes in Frontostriatal Circuits.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Non-invasive ultrasonic neuromodulation of the human nucleus accumbens impacts reward sensitivity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neural correlates of trial outcome monitoring during long-term learning in primate posterior parietal cortex.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Non-invasive Ultrasonic Neuromodulation of the Human Nucleus Accumbens Impacts Reward Sensitivity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cross-species real-time detection of trends in pupil size fluctuation.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Ventral frontostriatal circuitry mediates the computation of reinforcement from symbolic gains and losses.Neuron · 2024Article
- Distinct roles of monkey OFC-subcortical pathways in adaptive behavior.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Cross-species real time detection of trends in pupil size fluctuation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Comparative basolateral amygdala connectomics reveals dissociable single-neuron projection patterns to frontal cortex in macaques and mice.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- Computational Mechanisms Underlying Motivation to Earn Symbolic Reinforcers.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Motor System-Dependent Effects of Amygdala and Ventral Striatum Lesions on Explore-Exploit Behaviors.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Comparative basolateral amygdala connectomics reveals dissociable single-neuron projection patterns to frontal cortex in macaques and mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Distinct roles of monkey OFC-subcortical pathways in adaptive behavior.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- The motivational role of the ventral striatum and amygdala in learning from gains and losses.Behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Gains and Losses Affect Learning Differentially at Low and High Attentional Load.Journal of cognitive neuroscience · 2022Article
- Anterior cingulate cortex causally supports flexible learning under motivationally challenging and cognitively demanding conditions.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- Reinforcement learning modeling reveals a reward-history-dependent strategy underlying reversal learning in squirrel monkeys.Behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Individuals with adverse childhood experiences explore less and underweight reward feedback.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Differential coding of goals and actions in ventral and dorsal corticostriatal circuits during goal-directed behavior.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Reinforcement-learning in fronto-striatal circuits.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Adaptive behavior requires animals to learn from experience. Ideally, learning should both promote choices that lead to rewards and reduce choices that lead to losses. Because the ventral striatum (VS) contains neurons that respond to aversive stimuli and aversive stimuli can drive dopamine release in the VS, it is possible that the VS contributes to learning about aversive outcomes, including losses. However, other work suggests that the VS may play a specific role in learning to choose among rewards, with other systems mediating learning from aversive outcomes. To examine the role of the VS in learning from gains and losses, we compared the performance of macaque monkeys with VS lesions and unoperated controls on a reinforcement learning task. In the task, the monkeys gained or lost tokens, which were periodically cashed out for juice, as outcomes for choices. They learned over trials to choose cues associated with gains, and not choose cues associated with losses. We found that monkeys with VS lesions had a deficit in learning to choose between cues that differed in reward magnitude. By contrast, monkeys with VS lesions performed as well as controls when choices involved a potential loss. We also fit reinforcement learning models to the behavior and compared learning rates between groups. Relative to controls, the monkeys with VS lesions had reduced learning rates for gain cues. Therefore, in this task, the VS plays a specific role in learning to choose between rewarding options.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.