ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Established and Emerging Concepts to Treat Imbalances of Iron Homeostasis in Inflammatory Diseases.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Astrocyte-Microglia Crosstalk in Post-Hemorrhagic Neurovascular Microenvironment: Mechanistic Nodes, Cross-Stroke Comparisons, and Therapeutic Reprogramming.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine: A Giant Step in Personalized Medicine?Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- MRI-Based Synovial Iron Quantification Associates with Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Restoring macrophage iron homeostasis by natural carrier-free nanoplatform for the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis syndromes.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- The global, regional, and national burdens of maternal sepsis and other maternal infections and trends from 1990 to 2021 and future trend predictions: results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Anemia of Inflammation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Pre-treatment anemia in head and neck cancer: risk factors, subtypes, and survival outcomes.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of oral and intravenous iron therapy in rat models of inflammatory anemia and iron deficiency.Haematologica · 2023Article
- Article
- Physiology and Inflammation Driven Pathophysiology of Iron Homeostasis-Mechanistic Insights into Anemia of Inflammation and Its Treatment.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Ferritin H deficiency deteriorates cellular iron handling and worsens Salmonella typhimurium infection by triggering hyperinflammation.JCI insight · 2021Article
- EnvIRONmental Aspects in Myelodysplastic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Evaluation ofMolecular imaging and biology · 2021Article
- Pharmacological Targeting of BMP6-SMAD Mediated Hepcidin Expression Does Not Improve the Outcome of Systemic Infections With Intra-Or Extracellular Gram-Negative Bacteria in Mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- TAM-ing the CIA-Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Their Potential Role in Unintended Side Effects of Therapeutics for Cancer-Induced Anemia.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Article
- Prevalence and Predictive Value of Anemia and Dysregulated Iron Homeostasis in Patients with COVID-19 Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Emerging role of targeting macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on polarization, metabolism and apoptosis.Cell proliferation · 2020Review
- The multifaceted role of iron in renal health and disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2020Review
- Iron as Therapeutic Target in Human Diseases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammation, being a hallmark of many chronic diseases, including cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic kidney disease, negatively affects iron homeostasis, leading to iron retention in macrophages of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Functional iron deficiency is the consequence, leading to anemia of inflammation (AI). Iron deficiency, regardless of anemia, has a detrimental impact on quality of life so that treatment is warranted. Therapeutic strategies include (1) resolution of the underlying disease, (2) iron supplementation, and (3) iron redistribution strategies. Deeper insights into the pathophysiology of AI has led to the development of new therapeutics targeting inflammatory cytokines and the introduction of new iron formulations. Moreover, the discovery that the hormone, hepcidin, plays a key regulatory role in AI has stimulated the development of several therapeutic approaches targeting the function of this peptide. Hence, inflammation-driven hepcidin elevation causes iron retention in cells and tissues. Besides pathophysiological concepts and diagnostic approaches for AI, this review discusses current guidelines for iron replacement therapies with special emphasis on benefits, limitations, and unresolved questions concerning oral versus parenteral iron supplementation in chronic inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, the review explores how therapies aiming at curing the disease underlying AI can also affect anemia and discusses emerging hepcidin antagonizing drugs, which are currently under preclinical or clinical investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.