ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2018
Neurological and Inflammatory Manifestations in Sjögren's Syndrome: The Role of the Kynurenine Metabolic Pathway.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommendations on neurologic, cognitive, and psychiatric manifestations in patients with Sjögren's disease by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2025Guideline
- Fatigue in Sjögren's Disease - Integrating Biomedical and Psychosocial Aspects: A Narrative Review.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Linking the microbiome to the complement system in geographic atrophy.NPJ genomic medicine · 2026Article
- From Autoimmune Sialadenitis to Central Pain: Hypothesizing Shared Pathogenesis for Fibromyalgia and Primary Sjogren's Disease and Identifying Essential Screening Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Role of the Microbiome and Its Metabolites in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Global Trends and Insights Into the Neurological Manifestations of Sjögren's Syndrome: A Bibliometric Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Update on the pathophysiology and treatment of primary Sjögren syndrome.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Associations between Sjogren syndrome and psychiatric disorders in European populations: a 2-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Article
- An immuno-lipidomic signature revealed by metabolomic and machine-learning approaches in labial salivary gland to diagnose primary Sjögren's syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- [Research Progress in the Association between Amino Acid Metabolism of Oral Microorganisms and Host Cells and Oral Diseases].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2022Review
- Research progress on inflammatory mechanism of primary Sjögren syndrome.Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2021Review
- Uncovering potential single nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variations and related signaling pathways in primary Sjogren's syndrome.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Neural Plasticity in the Brain during Neuropathic Pain.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- The Role of Interferons in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren's Syndrome and Future Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- How Well Do Current Laboratory Biomarkers Inform Clinical Decision-Making in Chronic Pain Management?Journal of pain research · 2021Review
- Understanding Fatigue in Sjögren's Syndrome: Outcome Measures, Biomarkers and Possible Interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Clinical Validation of a Multi-Biomarker Assay for the Evaluation of Chronic Pain Patients in a Cross-Sectional, Observational Study.Pain and therapy · 2020Article
- Review
- Mechanisms of Disease in Sjögren Syndrome-New Developments and Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For decades, neurological, psychological, and cognitive alterations, as well as other glandular manifestations (EGM), have been described and are being considered to be part of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Dry eye and dry mouth are major findings in SS. The lacrimal glands (LG), ocular surface (OS), and salivary glands (SG) are linked to the central nervous system (CNS) at the brainstem and hippocampus. Once compromised, these CNS sites may be responsible for autonomic and functional disturbances that are related to major and EGM in SS. Recent studies have confirmed that the kynurenine metabolic pathway (KP) can be stimulated by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and other cytokines, activating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in SS. This pathway interferes with serotonergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, mostly in the hippocampus and other structures of the CNS. Therefore, it is plausible that KP induces neurological manifestations and contributes to the discrepancy between symptoms and signs, including manifestations of hyperalgesia and depression in SS patients with weaker signs of sicca, for example. Observations from clinical studies in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), graft-versus-host disease, and lupus, as well as from experimental studies, support this hypothesis. However, the obtained results for SS are controversial, as discussed in this study. Therapeutic strategies have been reexamined and new options designed and tested to regulate the KP. In the future, the confirmation and application of this concept may help to elucidate the mosaic of SS manifestations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.