Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30543812›Full record

ArticleProgress in cardiovascular diseases

The Association between the Change in Directly Measured Cardiorespiratory Fitness across Time and Mortality Risk.

Mary T Imboden, Matthew P Harber, Mitchell H Whaley, W Holmes Finch, Derron L Bishop, Bradley S Fleenor, Leonard A Kaminsky

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Progress in cardiovascular diseases. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
15.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Increasing the health span: unique role for exercise.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mary T ImbodenBall State University, Muncie, IN, United States of America.
Matthew P HarberBall State University, Muncie, IN, United States of America.
Mitchell H WhaleyBall State University, Muncie, IN, United States of America.
W Holmes FinchBall State University, Muncie, IN, United States of America.
Derron L BishopIndiana University School of Medicine, Muncie, IN, United States of America.
Bradley S FleenorBall State University, Muncie, IN, United States of America.
Leonard A KaminskyBall State University, Muncie, IN, United States of America. Electronic address: kaminskyla@bsu.edu.
Ball State University · USIndiana University School of Medicine

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mortality risk has typically been assessed using a single measurement, though some evidence suggests the change in CRF over time influences risk. This evidence is predominantly based on studies using estimated CRF (CRF PURPOSE: To examine the association of change in CRF over time, measured using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX), with all-cause and disease-specific mortality and to compare baseline and subsequent CRF measurements as predictors of all-cause mortality.

methodsParticipants included 833 apparently healthy men and women (42.9 ± 10.8 years) who underwent two maximal CPXs, the second CPX being ≥1 year following the baseline assessment (mean 8.6 years, range 1.0 to 40.3 years). Participants were followed for up to 17.7 (SD 11.8) years for all-cause-, cardiovascular disease- (CVD), and cancer mortality. Cox-proportional hazard models were performed to determine the association between the change in CRF, computed as visit 1 (CPX1) peak oxygen consumption (VO

resultsDuring follow-up, 172 participants died. Overall, the change in CPX-CRF was inversely related to all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality (p < 0.05). Each 1 mL·kg

conclusionThe change in CRF over time was inversely related to mortality outcomes, and mortality was better predicted by CRF measured at subsequent test than CPX1 CRF. These findings emphasize the importance of adopting lifestyle behaviors that promote CRF, as well as support the need for routine assessment of CRF in clinical practice to better assess risk.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesExercise TestNeoplasmsRisk Reduction BehaviorAdultCardiorespiratory FitnessFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansLife StyleMaleMiddle AgedMortalityOxygen ConsumptionProportional Hazards ModelsSex FactorsCancerCardiopulmonary exercise testingCardiovascular diseaseExercise trainingRisk reduction

Identifiers

PMID30543812
OpenAlexW2904219070

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.