ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2018
Schistosomiasis is associated with incident HIV transmission and death in Zambia.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Schistosoma haematobium infection and treatment on the systemic and mucosal immune phenotype, gene expression and microbiome: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Schistosomiasis endemicity and its role in sexually transmitted infections - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in parasitology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of schistosomes on host anti-viral immune response and the acquisition, virulence, and prevention of viral infections: A systematic review.PLoS pathogens · 2021Pooled it
- Association of schistosomiasis and HIV infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- SCORE Studies on the Impact of Drug Treatment on Morbidity due toThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between urogenital schistosomiasis and HIV/AIDS infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of changes in schistosomiasis prevalence in Zambia: implications on the 2020 elimination target.Parasitology research · 2020Pooled it
- Economic evaluations of human schistosomiasis interventions: a systematic review and identification of associated research needs.Wellcome open research · 2020Pooled it
- Combined interventions for the testing and treatment of HIV and schistosomiasis among fishermen in Malawi: a three-arm, cluster-randomised trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Trial
- Correlates of prior HIV testing and schistosomiasis treatment: Baseline survey findings from the "creating demand for fishermen's schistosomiasis HIV services" (FISH) cluster-randomized trial in Mangochi, Malawi.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Schistosoma mansoni treatment reduces HIV entry into cervical CD4+ T cells and induces IFN-I pathways.Nature communications · 2019Trial
- Molecular, parasitological and clinical diagnosis of female genital schistosomiasis: A diagnostic yield and comparative accuracy study using latent class analysis.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Association of Schistosoma haematobium Infection With Decreased Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- AID-FGS: Artificial intelligence-enabled diagnosis of female genital schistosomiasis: Preliminary findings.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Imported female genital schistosomiasis: a neglected health issue across borders.Journal of global health · 2026Review
- Sex in Immune Cells and Parasitic Diseases - A Complex Relationship.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Scoping a social science agenda for male genital schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa: posing key questions to frame appropriate research themes.Parasitology · 2025Article
- Schistosomiasis: a neglected cause of infertility in females and males.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe examined relationships between schistosome infection, HIV transmission or acquisition, and all-cause death.
methodsWe retrospectively tested baseline sera from a heterosexual HIV-discordant couple cohort in Lusaka, Zambia with follow-up from 1994-2012 in a nested case-control design. Schistosome-specific antibody levels were measured by ELISA. Associations between baseline antibody response to schistosome antigens and incident HIV transmission, acquisition, and all-cause death stratified by gender and HIV status were assessed. In a subset of HIV- women and HIV+ men, we performed immunoblots to evaluate associations between Schistosoma haematobium or Schistosoma mansoni infection history and HIV incidence.
resultsOf 2,145 individuals, 59% had positive baseline schistosome-specific antibody responses. In HIV+ women and men, baseline schistosome-specific antibodies were associated with HIV transmission to partners (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.8, p<0.005 and aHR = 1.4, p<0.05, respectively) and death in HIV+ women (aHR = 2.2, p<0.001). In 250 HIV- women, presence of S. haematobium-specific antibodies was associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition (aHR = 1.4, p<0.05).
conclusionSchistosome infections were associated with increased transmission of HIV from both sexes, acquisition of HIV in women, and increased progression to death in HIV+ women. Establishing effective prevention and treatment strategies for schistosomiasis, including in urban adults, may reduce HIV incidence and death in HIV+ persons living in endemic areas.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.