ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2019
Unemployment and suicide in Italy: evidence of a long-run association mitigated by public unemployment spending.
Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Insecure employment and the social determinants of suicide: a narrative synthesis review.Globalization and health · 2026Pooled it
- Explainable AI for public health surveillance: investigating the persistent crisis of intentional injury mortality (suicide and homicide) in the Americas.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Benefits and challenges: Qualitative exploration of women's experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji.PloS one · 2025Article
- Suicide in rural agrarian culture: revealing the micro dimensions of suicidal behavior in Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia.Frontiers in sociology · 2025Article
- The correlation between economic development and suicide rate - based on the global WHO and WB database.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Uncertainties of Economic Policy and Government Management Stability Played Important Roles in Increasing Suicides in Japan from 2009 to 2023.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Impacts of Complete Unemployment Rates Disaggregated by Reason and Duration on Suicide Mortality from 2009-2022 in Japan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous pandemics, epidemics and economic crises on mental health: systematic review.BJPsych open · 2022Review
- The impact of macroeconomic factors on suicide in 175 countries over 27 years.Suicide & life-threatening behavior · 2022Article
- Relationships between Expenditure of Regional Governments and Suicide Mortalities Caused by Six Major Motives in Japan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Forecasting the Romanian Unemployment Rate in Time of Health Crisis-A Univariate vs. Multivariate Time Series Approach.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Effects of Financial Expenditure of Prefectures/Municipalities on Regional Suicide Mortality in Japan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Impacts of Dual-Income Household Rate on Suicide Mortalities in Japan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Analysing the Impacts of Financial Support for Regional Suicide Prevention Programmes on Suicide Mortality Caused by Major Suicide Motives in Japan Using Statistical Government Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The impact of the great economic crisis on mental health care in Italy.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2020Article
- Article
- Unfolding the relationship between mortality, economic fluctuations, and health in Italy.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2020Article
- Revisiting the Relationship Between Suicide and Unemployment in Mexico: Evidence From Linear and Non-linear Co-integration.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
From the mid-1990s on, the suicide rate in Italy declined steadily, then apparently rose again after the onset of the Great Recession, along with a sharp increase in unemployment. The aim of this study is to test the association between the suicide rate and unemployment (i.e., the unemployment rate for males and females in the period 1977-2015, and the long-term unemployment rate in the period 1983-2012) in Italy, by means of cointegration techniques. The analysis was adjusted for public unemployment spending (referring to the period 1980-2012). The study identified a long-run relationship between the suicide rate and long-term unemployment. On the other hand, an association between suicide and unemployment rate emerged, though statistically weaker. A 1% increase in long-term unemployment increases the suicide rate by 0.83%, with a long-term effect lasting up to 18 years. Public unemployment spending (as percentage of the Italian gross domestic product) may mitigate this association: when its annual growth rate is higher than 0.18%, no impact of unemployment on suicide in detectable. A decrease in the suicide rate is expected for higher amounts of social spending, which may be able to compensate for the reduced level of social integration resulting from unemployment, helping the individual to continue to integrate into society. A corollary of this is that austerity in times of economic recession may exacerbate the impact of the economic downturn on mental health. However, a specific "flexicurity" system (intended as a combination of high employment protection, job satisfaction and labour-market policies) may have a positive impact on health.
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