ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2018
Early Repolarization Syndrome: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Brazilian Guideline for Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- Brazilian Guideline for Exercise Test in the Adult Population - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- Sudden cardiac death in early repolarization syndrome despite detailed evaluation for syncope: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Modes of onset of ventricular arrhythmias in J-wave syndromes: mechanistic insights from computational modeling.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Heart rate variability in children and adolescents with incidentally found early repolarization pattern.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Cardiac Channelopathies: Clinical Diagnosis and Promising Therapeutics.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- The proarrhythmogenic role of autonomics and emerging neuromodulation approaches to prevent sudden death in cardiac ion channelopathies.Cardiovascular research · 2024Review
- Article
- NovelExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Microvolt T-wave alternans in early repolarization syndrome associated with ventricular arrhythmias: A case report.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2023Article
- Broad Electrocardiogram Syndromes Spectrum: From Common Emergencies to Particular Electrical Heart Disorders.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- Electrocardiographic Changes Associated with Early Repolarization Pattern in Healthy Young Males.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- J wave syndromes in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.Journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Exploring the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease: A Genetic Correlation and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
- Cardiocerebral channelopathy caused byFrontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- J wave syndrome: Benign or malignant?ARYA atherosclerosis · 2021Review
- Overlap Arrhythmia Syndromes Resulting from Multiple Genetic Variations Studied in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Signal averaged ECG in patients with early repolarization.Journal of arrhythmia · 2021Article
- Contribution of Depolarization and Repolarization Changes to J-Wave Generation and Ventricular Fibrillation in Ischemia.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An early repolarization pattern can be observed in 1% up to 13% of the overall population. Whereas, this pattern was associated with a benign outcome for many years, several more recent studies demonstrated an association between early repolarization and sudden cardiac death, so-called early repolarization syndrome. In early repolarization syndrome patients, current imbalances between epi- and endo-cardial layers result in dispersion of de- and repolarization. As a consequence, J waves or ST segment elevations can be observed on these patients' surface ECGs as manifestations of those current imbalances. Whereas, an early repolarization pattern is relatively frequently found on surface ECGs in the overall population, the majority of individuals presenting with an early repolarization pattern will remain asymptomatic and the isolated presence of an early repolarization pattern does not require further intervention. The mismatch between frequently found early repolarization patterns in the overall population, low incidences of sudden cardiac deaths related to early repolarization syndrome, but fatal, grave consequences in affected patients remains a clinical challenge. More precise tools for risk stratification and identification of this minority of patients, who will experience events, remain a clinical need. This review summarizes the epidemiologic, pathophysiologic and diagnostic background and presents therapeutic options of early repolarization syndrome.
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