Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30542496›Full record

ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2018

Decreased regulatory T-cell frequency and interleukin-35 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Xia Zhang, Xiaolu Zhang, Lili Zhuang, Cangcang Xu, Tao Li, Guili Zhang, Ying Liu

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Regulatory T Cell Dysfunction in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. IL-2-based approaches to Treg enhancement.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xia ZhangDepartment of Immunology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Xiaolu ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China.
Lili ZhuangReproductive Medicine Center, Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China.
Cangcang XuKey Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Tao LiDepartment of Immunology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China.
Guili ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China.
Ying LiuDepartment of Rheumatology, Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China.
Yuhuangding Hospital · CNHunan Normal University · CNQingdao University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a newly discovered anti-inflammatory cytokine predominantly released by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and may serve an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The levels of IL-35 and corresponding Treg frequencies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have scarcely been reported. The present study aimed to detect serum IL-35 levels and Treg frequencies in patients with RA, and analyze their association with each other and with indicators of RA. A total of 55 patients with RA, including 37 active-phase (AP) and 18 chronic-phase (CP) cases, as well as 20 healthy controls (HC), were recruited. Clinical parameters, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody and 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) were assessed. The Treg frequency in peripheral blood (PB) was determined by flow cytometry. IL-35 mRNA in PB mononuclear cells of the patients with RA was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, and IL-35 levels in the serum were detected by ELISA. The correlations between IL-35 levels and the abovementioned indexes were analyzed by determining Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of the present study indicated that the Treg frequency was significantly decreased in patients with RA compared with that in HC. No significant difference in Treg frequency between the AP and CP groups of RA patients was identified. In addition, the serum IL-35 levels and mRNA expression in RA patients were obviously lower than those in the HC. Of note, the serum IL-35 levels were negatively correlated with the ESR and DAS28 of patients with RA, while no correlation with CRP, RF or anti-CCP antibodies was identified. In addition, a significant positive correlation was revealed between serum IL-35 levels and the Treg frequency. These results suggest that IL-35 and Tregs have a protective role regarding the development of RA.

Indexed as

autoimmune diseasecytokineinterleukin-35regulatory T cellsrheumatoid arthritis

Identifiers

PMID30542496
PMCPMC6257791
OpenAlexW2896707886

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.