Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30541429›Full record

ReviewJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders2018

Cerebrospinal fluid and the early brain development of autism.

Mark D Shen

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Benign External Hydrocephalus in a Subgroup of Autistic Children Prior to Autism Diagnosis.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Choroid Plexus Pathophysiology.Annual review of pathology · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mark D ShenCarolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, Department of Psychiatry, and the UNC Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Campus Box 3367, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3367, USA. mark_shen@med.unc.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1190-7981
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Cellular and molecular mechanisms governing cortical surface area overgrowth in iPSC-derived neural cells from longitudinally characterized individuals with autismR01HD055741 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Joseph Piven · 2007 to 2026
$52.6M
UNC BIRCWH CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMK12HD001441 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BOGGESS, KIM A · 2000 to 2019
$9.3M
Postdoctoral Research in Neurodevelopmental DisordersT32HD040127 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BENJAMIN D PHILPOT, Mark D Shen · 2001 to 2026
$8.5M
Preclinical CoreU54HD079124 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BELGER, AYSENIL · 2013 to 2019
$8.0M
A Longitudinal MRI Study of Brain Development in Fragile X SyndromeR01HD059854 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HAZLETT, HEATHER CODY · 2009 to 2014
$2.9M
NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD001441NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD055741NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD059854NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD040127NICHD NIH HHS U54 HD079124
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is currently a renaissance of interest in the many functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Altered flow of CSF, for example, has been shown to impair the clearance of pathogenic inflammatory proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyloid-β. In addition, the role of CSF in the newly discovered lymphatic system of the brain has become a prominently researched area in clinical neuroscience, as CSF serves as a conduit between the central nervous system and immune system. MAIN BODY: This article will review the importance of CSF in regulating normal brain development and function, from the prenatal period throughout the lifespan, and highlight recent research that CSF abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are present in infancy, are detectable by conventional structural MRI, and could serve as an early indicator of altered neurodevelopment.

conclusionThe identification of early CSF abnormalities in children with ASD, along with emerging knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, has the potential to serve as early stratification biomarkers that separate children with ASD into biological subtypes that share a common pathophysiology. Such subtypes could help parse the phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD and map on to targeted, biologically based treatments.

Indexed as

AnimalsAutism Spectrum DisorderBiomarkersBrainCerebral VentriclesEncephalitisHumansBiomarkersAutism spectrum disorderBiomarkersBrain developmentBrain enlargementCerebrospinal fluidEarly risk signsExtra-axial cerebrospinal fluidGlymphatic systemHeterogeneityInfancyLateral ventriclesNeural meningeal lymphatic systemNeuroinflammationStratification biomarker

Identifiers

PMID30541429
PMCPMC6292033
OpenAlexW2905338705

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.