Trial reportDiabetes & vascular disease research2019
Unsupervised high-intensity interval training improves glycaemic control but not cardiovascular autonomic function in type 2 diabetes patients: A randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in Diabetes & vascular disease research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effects of long- and short-interval aerobic high-intensity interval training on glycemic control among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of long-term exercise intervention on heart rate variability indices: a systematic meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise on glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Physical exercise as treatment for adults with type 2 diabetes: a rapid review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- The effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on inflammatory factors and heart rate variability in middle-aged and elderly women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2022Trial
- HIIE Protocols Promote Better Acute Effects on Blood Glucose and Pressure Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes than Continuous Exercise.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Yoga and High-Intensity Interval Training Show Comparable Effects on HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Preliminary Pilot Network Meta-Analysis in Adult Populations.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Assessing the impact of supervised interval training on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- An integrative review of the effects of high-intensity interval training on the autonomic nervous system.Sports medicine and health science · 2025Review
- The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training and Mixed Probiotic Supplementation on SMOC-1 Gene Expression, Insulin Resistance, and Blood Glucose in Male Rats With Induced Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- Remodeling of the Intracardiac Ganglia During the Development of Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Highlighting the effects of high-intensity interval training on the changes associated with hypertrophy, apoptosis, and histological proteins of the heart of old rats with type 2 diabetes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Effect of Exercise on Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous Function in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Highlighting the novel effects of high-intensity interval training on some histopathological and molecular indices in the heart of type 2 diabetic rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Training on Exercise Capacity, Heart Rate Variability and Isolated Hearts in Diabetic Rats.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2023Article
- Article
- Novel Application of Multiscale Cross-Approximate Entropy for Assessing Early Changes in the Complexity between Systolic Blood Pressure and ECG R-R Intervals in Diabetic Rats.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis is the first randomised controlled trial to assess the impact of unsupervised high-intensity interval training on cardiovascular autonomic function in adults with type 2 diabetes.
methodsA total of 22 individuals with type 2 diabetes (age 60 ± 2 years, 17 males) lay in a supine position for 20 min for evaluation of cardiovascular autonomic function, which included (1) time domain measures of heart rate variability, (2) frequency domain measures of heart rate variability and blood pressure variability and (3) baroreflex receptor sensitivity. Participants were randomised into 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (3 sessions/week) or standard care control group.
resultsAfter 12 weeks, the between-group change in HbA
conclusionHigh-intensity interval training improves glycaemic control but has limited effect on cardiovascular autonomic regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.