ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
Detection of Immunoglobulin G1 Against rK39 Improves Monitoring of Treatment Outcomes in Visceral Leishmaniasis.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review on antigens for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis, with a focus on East Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Pooled it
- High Seropositivity to rK39 and Capture of Leishmania-Infected Sand Flies in Bihar and Jharkhand Emphasize the Need for Post-Elimination Surveillance of Visceral Leishmaniasis in India.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Recombinant Leishmania-activated C kinase as a novel antigenic candidate for immuno-diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis occurring in India and Brazil.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- The potential ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Insights to the HIV-associated visceral leishmaniasis clinical outcome: lessons learned about immune mediated disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- How I Approach Leishmaniasis: Diagnosis and Treatment in the United States.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2022Article
- Linear and conformational determinants of visceral leishmaniasis diagnostic antigens rK28 and rK39.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- ChimLeish, a new recombinant chimeric protein evaluated as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection.Parasitology research · 2021Article
- Assessing antibody decline after chemotherapy of early chronic Chagas disease patients.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Emergent canine visceral leishmaniasis in Argentina: Comparative diagnostics and relevance to proliferation of human disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- High levels of anti-Leishmania IgG3 and low CD4BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- An advanced molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the highly sensitive and selective detection and determination of Human IgG.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of direct agglutination test, rK39 ELISA and six rapid diagnostic tests among visceral leishmaniasis patients with and without HIV coinfection in Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Rapid Clinical Management of Leishmaniasis in Emergency Department: A Case Report with Clinical Review of Recent Literature.Biology · 2020Review
- Recent advances and new strategies in Leishmaniasis diagnosis.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Leishmaniasis immunopathology-impact on design and use of vaccines, diagnostics and drugs.Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Investigation of the antigenicity and protective efficacy of Leishmania promastigote membrane antigens in search of potential diagnostic and vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Refining wet lab experiments with in silico searches: A rational quest for diagnostic peptides in visceral leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Relationship of Serum Antileishmanial Antibody With Development of Visceral Leishmaniasis, Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis and Visceral Leishmaniasis Relapse.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- A rapid diagnostic test for human Visceral Leishmaniasis using novelEmerging microbes & infections · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the Leishmania donovani complex, is a fatal, neglected tropical disease that is targeted for elimination in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Improved diagnostic tests are required for early case detection and for monitoring the outcomes of treatments. Previous investigations using Leishmania lysate antigen demonstrated that the immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 response is a potential indicator of a patient's clinical status after chemotherapy.
methodsIgG1 or IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with rK39 or lysate antigens and novel IgG1 rK39 rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were assessed with Indian VL serum samples from the following clinical groups: paired pre- and postchemotherapy (deemed cured); relapsed; other infectious diseases; and endemic, healthy controls.
resultsWith paired pre- and post-treatment samples (n = 37 pairs), ELISAs with rK39- and IgG1-specific conjugates gave a far more discriminative decrease in post-treatment antibody responses when compared to IgG (P < .0001). Novel IgG1 rK39 RDTs provided strong evidence for decreased IgG1 responses in patients who had successful treatment (P < .0001). Furthermore, both IgG1 rK39 RDTs (n = 38) and ELISAs showed a highly significant difference in test outcomes between cured patients and those who relapsed (n = 23; P < .0001). RDTs were more sensitive than corresponding ELISAs.
conclusionsWe present strong evidence for the use of IgG1 in monitoring treatment outcomes in VL, and the first use of an IgG1-based RDT using the rK39 antigen for the discrimination of post-treatment cure versus relapse in VL. Such an RDT may have a significant role in monitoring patients and in targeted control and elimination of this devastating disease.
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