ReviewJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology2018
Immunity to gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants: effector cell mechanisms and cytokines.
Review in Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Diversity of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Small Ruminants in Iran: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Acta parasitologica · 2025Pooled it
- Botanical Anthelmintics: A Trending Approach to Control Gastrointestinal Diseases in Ruminants.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Artificial and natural selection components reveal the mechanisms of tropical sheep populations against gastrointestinal parasites.PloS one · 2026Article
- Comparison of Th-2 Cytokines and Associated Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood of Resistant and Susceptible Garole Sheep Infected WithJournal of parasitology research · 2026Article
- Coinfection affects the phenotypic but not genetic resistance of cattle to common parasites.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2025Article
- Article
- Anthelmintic activity of winter savory (Satureja montana L.) essential oil against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Inferring the energy cost of resistance to parasitic infection and its link to a trade-off.BMC ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Assessment of gastrointestinal nematode infections in dairy cattle and the associated risk factors in Northern China.Journal of veterinary science · 2024Article
- Excreted/Secreted 15-kDa Proteins and Serine Protease Peptides fromPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Analysis of Protection and Immune Response againstVaccines · 2024Article
- Prevalence and resistance to gastrointestinal parasites in goats: A review.Veterinary world · 2022Review
- Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Protein Supplementation as a Nutritional Strategy to Reduce Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis in Periparturient and Lactating Pelibuey Ewes in a Tropical Environment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of gastrointestinal helminthiasis of lactating cow and effect of strategic deworming on milk quantity, fat, and protein in Kucha, Ethiopia.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Local immune response of Canarian Majorera goats infected with Teladorsagia circumcincta.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Awareness and control methods of gastrointestinal parasites of merino sheep among farmers from different agro-ecological zones of Lesotho.Veterinary world · 2021Article
- Physiological, Immunological and Genetic Factors in the Resistance and Susceptibility to Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep in the Peripartum Period: A Review.Helminthologia · 2021Article
- Characterization of a rhodanese homologue from Haemonchus contortus and its immune-modulatory effects on goat immune cells in vitro.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- The non-invasive measurement of faecal immunoglobulin in African equids.International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) of ruminants are prevalent and have major economic impacts worldwide. The insight studies of immune responses triggered against GINs are of great concern to understand interaction between host's immune system and parasite. T-helper 2 cytokines drive the effector cell mechanisms which include eosinophils and mast cells. The immune responses are controlled by Th2 secreted interleukins (IL); IL3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10 and IL-13. B-Cell immune response is incorporated in defense mechanisms developed against GINs specially immunoglobulins (Ig); IgA, IgE and IgG. The immune resistance of the infected host is presented by failure of larval establishment or hypobiosis, low worm burden and decreased female fecundity. The host-parasite interaction is a complex series that affected by host's genetic constitution, nutrition, age and physiological status. The GINs have different immune evasion mechanisms to improve their survival within the host. Also, management of the host influences GINs parasitism. Thus, the aim of this review is to highlight the hallmarks of immune responses that endorse GINs parasitism. The insights studies of the triggered immune responses developed against GINs will improve the appropriate protective immune strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.