ArticleBioscience reports2019
miR-221/222 promote tumor growth and suppress apoptosis by targeting lncRNA GAS5 in breast cancer.
Article in Bioscience reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-coding RNAs, a double-edged sword in breast cancer prognosis.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- miR-221 is a prognostic marker and promotes the proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting autophagy.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Evaluating the effects of curcumin nano-chitosan on miR-221 and miR-222 expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cell lines.Diagnostic pathology · 2024Article
- Intron Editing RevealsInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- RBM38 Reverses Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Combining and Promoting lncRNA-GAS5.Cancers · 2023Article
- Identification and comprehensive analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition related target genes of miR-222-3p in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Programmed cell death in aortic aneurysm and dissection: A potential therapeutic target.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2022Review
- LncRNA GAS5 modulates the progression of non-small cell lung cancer through repressing miR-221-3p and up-regulating IRF2.Diagnostic pathology · 2021Article
- Expression of Estrogen Receptor- and Progesterone Receptor-Regulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer.Genes · 2021Article
- miR-221-3p regulates apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells via targeting FOXO1 in older women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).Molecular reproduction and development · 2021Article
- Obesity, leptin, and deregulation of microRNA in lipid metabolisms: their contribution to breast cancer prognosis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2021Review
- Long Noncoding RNAFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Conditioned medium from adipose-derived stem cells attenuates ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac injury through the microRNA-221/222/PUMA/ETS-1 pathway.Theranostics · 2021Article
- A comprehensive review on oncogenic miRNAs in breast cancer.Journal of genetics · 2021Review
- An Overview of miRNAs Involved in PASMC Phenotypic Switching in Pulmonary Hypertension.BioMed research international · 2021Review
- Contribution of miRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Review
- The Non-Coding RNAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Long non-coding RNA regulation of TRAIL in breast cancer: A tangle of non-coding threads.Oncology letters · 2020Review
- Potential miRNAs for miRNA-Based Therapeutics in Breast Cancer.Non-coding RNA · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2021-04-19Duplication of/in Image · Objections by Third Party · Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21-23-nucleotide, short, non-coding RNAs that play important roles in virtually all biological pathways in mammals and other multicellular organisms. The association of miR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) for breast cancer is critical, but their detailed roles in its development and progression remain unclear. In the present study, we found that miR-221/222 were consistently up-regulated in breast cancer tissues. We then investigated the molecular mechanisms by which miR-221/222 contributed to breast cancer and identified growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) as a direct target gene of miR-221/222. In contrast with the up-regulated expression levels of miR-221/222, GAS5 levels were significantly down-regulated and negatively correlated with miR-221/222 in breast cancer tissues. In addition, we showed that miR-221/222 inhibitors increased cellular apoptosis, miR-221/222 mimics decreased the cell apoptosis in breast cancer cells, and restoration of GAS5 expression attenuated the anti-apoptotic effects of miR-221/222 in breast cancer cells, indicating that GAS5 was a direct mediator of miR-221/222 function. Finally, we showed that miR-221/222 suppressed GAS5 expression significantly and enhanced tumor growth in a mouse model of breast cancer xenografts. The present study highlighted the important role of miR-221/222 as oncomiRs in breast cancer, which inhibited GAS5 translation. These findings may provide a new perspective for the molecular mechanism of breast carcinogenesis and provide a novel approach to the treatment of breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.