ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2018
Maternal dietary consumption of legumes, vegetables and fruit during pregnancy, does it protect against small for gestational age?
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selenium, Zinc, and Manganese Status in Pregnant Women and Its Relation to Maternal and Child Complications.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Maternal Consumption of Fruits, Vegetables and Fruit Juices in Relation to Offspring Weight at 4 Years.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- African American Food Environments and Anti-Inflammatory Intake in Pregnancy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Perceptions of African Migrant Women Regarding Food Consumption During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period in Australia: A Qualitative Study.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Article
- Diet, Weight Status, and Pregnancy Outcomes Among Native and Migrant Women in Jersey, Channel Islands.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- A Simple data-driven dietary pattern associated with lower risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2025Article
- Diet quality indexes for use during pregnancy: a scoping review.Nutrition reviews · 2024Article
- Article
- Bean Consumption during Childhood Is Associated with Improved Nutritional Outcomes in the First Two Years of Life.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Relationships of pregnancy and postpartum diet quality with offspring birth weight and weight status through 12 months.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Article
- Impact of experiencing multiple vulnerabilities on fetal growth and complications in women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Article
- Maternal Dietary Diversity and Birth Weight in Offspring: Evidence from a Chinese Population-Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Insights into Prevention of Health Complications in Small for Gestational Age (SGA) Births in Relation to Maternal Characteristics: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Early life adverse exposures in irritable bowel syndrome: new insights and opportunities.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Article
- Watermelon-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Influence Human Ex Vivo Placental Cell Behavior by Altering Intestinal Secretions.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2022Article
- Changes in diet from pregnancy to one year after birth: a longitudinal study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- High starchy food intake may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a nested case-control study in the Shaanxi province of Northwestern China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDifferent diets during pregnancy might have an impact on the health, reflected in the birthweight of newborns. The consumption of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy and the relationship with newborn health status have been studied by several authors. However, these studies have shown inconsistent results. PURPOSE: We assessed whether certain foods were related to the risk of small for gestational age (SGA).
methodsA matched by age (± 2 years) and hospital 1:1 case-control study of 518 pairs of pregnant Spanish women in five hospitals was conducted. The cases were women with an SGA newborn at delivery (neonates weighting less than the 10th percentile, adjusted for gestational age at delivery and sex, were diagnosed as SGA). The control group comprised women giving birth to babies adequate for gestational age (AGA). Mothers who gave birth to babies large for gestational age (LGA) were excluded. Data were gathered concerning demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, toxic habits and diet. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) comprising 137 items was completed by all participants. The intake of vegetables, legumes and fruits was categorized in quintiles (Q1-Q5). Crude values and and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. The variables for adjustment were as follows: preeclampsia, education, smoking, weight gain per week during pregnancy, fish intake and previous preterm/low birthweight newborns.
resultsTotal pulse intake showed an inverse association with the risk of SGA (trend p = 0.02). Women with an intake of fruits above 420 g/day (Q5), compared with women in Q1 (≤ 121 g/day) showed a decreased risk of SGA (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40-0.98). The total consumption of vegetables was not associated with the risk of SGA. The intake of selenium was assessed: a protective association was observed for Q3-5; a daily intake above 60 μg was associated with a lower risk of SGA (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22-0.69).
conclusionsFruits, pulses and selenium reduce the risk of SGA in Spanish women.
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