ArticleAmerican journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council2019
Physical activity energy expenditure and cardiometabolic health in three rural Kenyan populations.
Article in American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Transitions and Health Outcomes in Four Populations - Systematic Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Differences in physiological response to an oral glucose tolerance test in adult Maasai men and women.Acta diabetologica · 2026Article
- Jumping performance and muscle-tendon characteristics of Maasai men of East Africa.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Relationships between the Physical Activity Intensity and the Medical Expenditure of Middle-Aged and Elderly People: Parsing from the CHARLS Database.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Predicts Quality of Life in Ambulatory School-Age Children with Cerebral Palsy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- The association of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness with β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and diabetes among adults in north-western Tanzania: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Physical activity energy expenditure and cardiometabolic health in three rural Kenyan populations.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
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Abstract
objectivesPhysical activity is beneficial for metabolic health but the extent to which this may differ by ethnicity is still unclear. Here, the objective was to characterize the association between physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and cardiometabolic risk among the Luo, Kamba, and Maasai ethnic groups of rural Kenya.
methodsIn a cross-sectional study of 1084 rural Kenyans, free-living PAEE was objectively measured using individually-calibrated heart rate and movement sensing. A clustered metabolic syndrome risk score (zMS) was developed by averaging the sex-specific z-scores of five risk components measuring central adiposity, blood pressure, lipid levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.
resultszMS was 0.08 (-0.09; -0.06) SD lower for every 10 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE after adjustment for age and sex; this association was modified by ethnicity (interaction with PAEE P < 0.05). When adjusted for adiposity, each 10 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE was predicted to lower zMS by 0.04 (-0.05, -0.03) SD, without evidence of interaction by ethnicity. The Maasai were predicted to have higher cardiometabolic risk than the Kamba and Luo at every quintile of PAEE, with a strong dose-dependent decreasing trend among all ethnicities.
conclusionFree-living PAEE is strongly inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk in rural Kenyans. Differences between ethnic groups in this association were observed but were explained by differences in central adiposity. Therefore, targeted interventions to increase PAEE are more likely to be effective in subgroups with high central adiposity, such as Maasai with low levels of PAEE.
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