ReviewNeuropsychology review2019
Efficacy of Invasive and Non-Invasive Brain Modulation Interventions for Addiction.
Review in Neuropsychology review, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is Deep Brain Stimulation an Effective Treatment for Psychostimulant Dependency? A Preclinical and Clinical Systematic Review.Neurochemical research · 2023Pooled it
- The effect of biofeedback on smoking cessation-a systematic short review.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2022Pooled it
- Neuromodulation to Treat Substance Use Disorders in People With Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Outcomes of deep brain stimulation surgery for substance use disorder: a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2021Pooled it
- Non-invasive Brain Stimulation for Gambling Disorder: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- No Effects of rTMS on Performance Monitoring and Attentional Bias in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Pilot Study.Addiction biology · 2025Trial
- Effects of bilateral tDCS over DLPFC on response inhibition, craving, and brain functional connectivity in Internet gaming disorder: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial with fMRI.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Trial
- Correlations Between the DMN and the Smoking Cessation Outcome of a Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Supported Exploratory Therapy Approach: Descriptive Statistics on Tobacco-Dependent Patients.Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2022Trial
- Closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) reduces cue reactivity and improves inhibitory control in methamphetamine use disorder with frequency and timing specificity.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Individualized prediction of heroin cue-induced craving using task-based EEG functional connectivity.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor ability, neurophysiological changes, mental health, and activities of daily living in spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Modification of inhibitory control and craving through transcranial direct current stimulation as an add-on treatment for substance use disorder: protocol for a randomized controlled study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Anodal excitatory HD-tDCS over left DLPFC on impulsivity, problem solving, and executive functions in young-onset behavioral addiction: A randomized sham-controlled study.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Parietal cortex is recruited by frontal and cingulate areas to support action monitoring and updating during stopping.NeuroImage · 2025Article
- Neurobiological Mechanisms of Action of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders (SUDs)-A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Substance Use Disorder (SUD)-A Review and Insights into Possible Mechanisms of Action.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- What Chemsex does to the brain - neural correlates (ERP) regarding decision making, impulsivity and hypersexuality.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Advances in magnetic field approaches for non-invasive targeting neuromodulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Precision TMS through the integration of neuroimaging and machine learning: optimizing stimulation targets for personalized treatment.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Effect of Intensified Transcranial Direct-current Stimulation Targeting Bilateral Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Craving Reduction in Patients with Opioid (Heroin) Use Disorder.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is important to find new treatments for addiction due to high relapse rates despite current interventions and due to expansion of the field with non-substance related addictive behaviors. Neuromodulation may provide a new type of treatment for addiction since it can directly target abnormalities in neurocircuits. We review literature on five neuromodulation techniques investigated for efficacy in substance related and behavioral addictions: transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), (repetitive) transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), EEG, fMRI neurofeedback and deep brain stimulation (DBS) and additionally report on effects of these interventions on addiction-related cognitive processes. While rTMS and tDCS, mostly applied at the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, show reductions in immediate craving for various addictive substances, placebo-responses are high and long-term outcomes are understudied. The lack in well-designed EEG-neurofeedback studies despite decades of investigation impedes conclusions about its efficacy. Studies investigating fMRI neurofeedback are new and show initial promising effects on craving, but future trials are needed to investigate long-term and behavioral effects. Case studies report prolonged abstinence of opioids or alcohol with ventral striatal DBS but difficulties with patient inclusion may hinder larger, controlled trials. DBS in neuropsychiatric patients modulates brain circuits involved in reward processing, extinction and negative-reinforcement that are also relevant for addiction. To establish the potential of neuromodulation for addiction, more randomized controlled trials are needed that also investigate treatment duration required for long-term abstinence and potential synergy with other addiction interventions. Finally, future advancement may be expected from tailoring neuromodulation techniques to specific patient (neurocognitive) profiles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.