ReviewJournal of neurology2019
Gait festination in parkinsonism: introduction of two phenotypes.
Review in Journal of neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- An updated definition of freezing of gait.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Reduced striatal dopamine transmission as a transdiagnostic substrate of psychomotor retardation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Orthopedic manifestations, complications, and outcomes for arthroplasty in patients with Parkinson disease.Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Disease (2013) · 2025Review
- Optimizing Gait Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease: The Effects of Musical Groove and Familiarity.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Gait Instability and Compensatory Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Camptocormia: An Exploratory Study.Journal of movement disorders · 2025Article
- The effects of dopaminergic medication and task load on trembling and akinetic freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Festination-like steps during forward and backward gait while playing tennis.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Differential components of bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease revealed by deep brain stimulation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Cough Correlates of Functional Swallow Outcomes in Atypical Parkinsonism.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
- Grid cells: the missing link in understanding Parkinson's disease?Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- A Review of Artificial Intelligence-Based Gait Evaluation and Rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease.Cureus · 2023Review
- Compensation Strategies for Gait Impairments in Parkinson's Disease: From Underlying Mechanisms to Daily Clinical Practice.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Article
- Residual effects of combined vibratory and plantar stimulation while seated influences plantar pressure and spatiotemporal gait measures in individuals with Parkinson's disease exhibiting freezing of gait.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Stepping up to meet the challenge of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.Translational neurodegeneration · 2022Review
- Troubleshooting Gait Disturbances in Parkinson's Disease With Deep Brain Stimulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Review
- Using Motor Imagery to Access Alternative Attentional Strategies When Navigating Environmental Boundaries to Prevent Freezing of Gait - A Perspective.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Balance response to levodopa predicts balance improvement after bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2021Article
- Muscular and cortical activation during dynamic and static balance in the elderly: A scoping review.Aging brain · 2021Article
- Gait and postural disorders in parkinsonism: a clinical approach.Journal of neurology · 2020Review
- Effectiveness of Exercise on the Sequence Effect in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of movement disorders · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gait festination is one of the most characteristic gait disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease or atypical parkinsonism. Although festination is common and disabling, it has received little attention in the literature, and different definitions exist. Here, we argue that there are actually two phenotypes of festination. The first phenotype entails a primary locomotion disturbance, due to the so-called sequence effect: a progressive shortening of step length, accompanied by a compensatory increase in cadence. This phenotype strongly relates to freezing of gait with alternating trembling of the leg. The second phenotype results from a postural control problem (forward leaning of the trunk) combined with a balance control deficit (inappropriately small balance-correcting steps). In this viewpoint, we elaborate on the possible pathophysiological substrate of these two phenotypes of festination and discuss their management in daily clinical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.