ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2019
Hepatitis C Virus Entry into Macrophages/Monocytes Mainly Depends on the Phagocytosis of Macrophages.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liver Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Viral Hepatitis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Macrophages in oncoviral infections: from immune regulators to therapeutic targets.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- The role of liver macrophages in viral liver pathogenesis.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Review
- Viral Hepatitis: Host Immune Interaction, Pathogenesis and New Therapeutic Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Zinc Finger Protein BCL11A Contributes to the Abortive Infection ofJournal of virology · 2022Article
- HCV inhibits M2a, M2b and M2c macrophage polarization via HCV core protein engagement with Toll-like receptor 2.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Impact of direct-acting antiviral regimens on hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection.World journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Hepatitis C Virus Alters Macrophage Cholesterol Metabolism Through Interaction with Scavenger Receptors.Viral immunology · 2022Article
- Innate and Adaptive Immunopathogeneses in Viral Hepatitis; Crucial Determinants of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- Cellular factors involved in the hepatitis C virus life cycle.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Cyclodextrins in Antiviral Therapeutics and Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Control of HCV Infection by Natural Killer Cells and Macrophages.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Hepatitis C Virus Cure in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Dampens Inflammation and Improves Cognition Through Multiple Mechanisms.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- A bioinformatics investigation into the pharmacological mechanisms of the effect of the Yinchenhao decoction on hepatitis C based on network pharmacology.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2020Article
- Immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma with infection of hepatitis B or C virus.Hepatoma research · 2020Article
- Cyclodextrins: Emerging Medicines of the New Millennium.Biomolecules · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) has been classified as a strictly hepatotropic pathogen for a long time, and hepatocytes are target cells for HCV infection. More and more studies showed non-liver cells supported HCV entry and replication, such as macrophages. The mechanisms of HCV entry into macrophages are still not clear.
aimsThis study aims to determine the way of HCV entry into macrophages.
methodsCell culture-derived infectious HCV particles (HCVcc) were prepared using Huh7 cells transfected with HCV RNA. CD81-knockdown cells were obtained through siRNA transfection. HCV RNA levels were determined by RT-qPCR. Flow cytometry analyses were used to determine cell surface levels of CD11b, CD68, and CD81. ELISA and western blotting were performed to quantify the protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Phagocytic ability was determined by neutral red uptake assay.
resultsCD81 knockdown could not inhibit HCVcc entry into macrophages. The entry of HCV into macrophages could not be blocked by pooled IgG from chronic hepatitis C patient's sera. Macrophages derived from THP-1 cells displayed stronger phagocytic capacity, which also swallowed more HCV RNA. Treatment of macrophages with endocytic inhibitor, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, decreased the internalization of HCV. HCV uptake by macrophages was related to the reorganization of F-actin cytoskeleton and PI3Ks activation. HCV infection significantly increased the expression of IL1β and IL6 in macrophages and promoted apoptosis of macrophages.
conclusionsHCV entry into macrophages mainly depends on phagocytosis of macrophages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.