Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30535677›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of public health2019

Trends in sleeping difficulties among European adolescents: Are these associated with physical inactivity and excessive screen time?

Ariane Ghekiere, Jelle Van Cauwenberg, Ann Vandendriessche, Joanna Inchley, Margarida Gaspar de Matos, Alberto Borraccino, Inese Gobina, Jorma Tynjälä, Benedicte Deforche, Bart De Clercq

Abstract readComparative Study
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Body image perception and dieting among "screenagers" in Poland.International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health · 2025
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  19. Secular trends in physical activity in adolescents: A systematic review.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ariane GhekiereDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Jelle Van CauwenbergDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Ann VandendriesscheDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Joanna InchleyChild and Adolescent Health Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Margarida Gaspar de MatosFaculdade de Motricidade Humana, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Alberto BorraccinoDepartment of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
Inese GobinaDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.
Jorma TynjäläFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Benedicte DeforcheDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Bart De ClercqDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. b.declercq@ugent.be.

Funding

Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek 12I1117NVlaamse Overheid GE0-1GDD2A-WT
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe examined changes in sleep-onset difficulties over time and associations with physical activity and screen time behavior among adolescents.

methodsWe used data from last four survey waves of the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study (2002-2006-2010-2014). Multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore associations between regular sleeping difficulties, excessive screen time exposure and being insufficiently physically active (i.e., < 60 min daily) among 33 European and non-European countries.

resultsFindings indicate an increase in the prevalence of sleep-onset difficulties and in excessive screen time exposure and a small but significant increase in physical activity levels. Additionally, adolescents exceeding 2-h daily screen time had 20% higher odds of reporting sleep-onset difficulties, while no association was found for physical activity. The strength of the association between screen time and sleep-onset difficulties increased over time, which may reflect a change in type of screen time use (e.g., the increased use of easy accessible screens such as smartphones and tablets).

conclusionsEffective strategies to reduce screen time are key to reverse the detrimental trend in sleep-onset difficulties among adolescents.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorPopulation SurveillanceScreen TimeSedentary BehaviorAdolescentAge FactorsChronobiology DisordersEuropeFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceSex FactorsSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersSurveys and Questionnaires24-h approachAdolescentsPhysical activitySedentary behaviorSleepTrend

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.