ReviewWorld journal of urology2019
Updates on the use of intravesical therapies for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: how, when and what.
Review in World journal of urology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intravesical gemcitabine for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: An abridged Cochrane Review.Investigative and clinical urology · 2021Pooled it
- Intravesical gemcitabine for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Intravesical gemcitabine versus mitomycin for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial.BMC urology · 2020Pooled it
- Intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) and MMC + cytosine arabinoside for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a randomised clinical trial.BJU international · 2022Trial
- Cis-3-hexen-1-ol suppresses bladder cancer progression by inducing mitophagy via the PCK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Nanorobots and Exosomes: Driving the New Frontier for Bladder Tumors through Non-Coding RNAs.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Immune landscape of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: role of TIGIT, LAG-3, and PD-L1.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Sequential Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Narrative Review Across Risk Groups.Research and reports in urology · 2026Review
- Research progress on circular RNA in the regulation of drug resistance in genitourinary cancers.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- A novel nomogram for predicting post-operative recurrence for patients with intermediate and high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after thulium laser resection of bladder tumors or conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumors followed by intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- BCG and Alternative Therapies to BCG Therapy for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Salvage therapy for BCG failure with intravesical sequential gemcitabine and docetaxel in patients with recurrent NMIBC.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024Article
- Metabolomic Signatures of Treatment Response in Bladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Role of Checkpoint Inhibitor Expression Directly on Exfoliated Cells from Bladder Cancer: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Replacement Instead of Discontinuation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Instillation in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.Cancers · 2023Article
- Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells with gemcitabine to enhance efficacy of adoptive cell therapy in bladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- BCG Vaccine-The Road Not Taken.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Complete response to intravesical gemcitabine in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patient after BCG failure: A case report and literature review.Clinical case reports · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIntravesical therapy has been an important aspect of the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for 40 years. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is considered standard of care for intermediate and high-grade non-invasive disease, yet understanding the nuances of subsequent intravesical therapy is important for any provider managing bladder cancer. Herein, we review the literature and describe optimal use of intravesical therapies for NMIBC.
methodsA comprehensive search of the medical literature was performed and highlighted in this review of intravesical therapy for NMIBC.
resultsPost-resection intravesical Mitomycin C therapy for low-risk disease remains an important component of care, and gemcitabine now has level-one evidence demonstrating efficacy in this setting but is not yet a guideline recommendation. BCG intravesical therapy remains the most effective therapy preventing recurrence and progression of intermediate and high-risk NMIBC. Adequately characterizing BCG-failure is critical in determining the next step in management which includes radical cystectomy, additional intravesical immunotherapy, chemotherapy with intravesical gemcitabine ± docetaxel and clinical trials.
conclusionsIntravesical therapy remains the mainstay of treatment for NMIBC and bladder preservation. Intravesical induction BCG followed by maintenance therapy remains standard of care for intermediate and high-risk patients. Detailing the timing and characteristics of recurrence after intravesical therapy is crucial in determining subsequent treatment recommendations. Current clinical trials focus on systemic immunotherapy and enhancing the intravesical immune response by augmenting the delivery mechanism.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.