ArticleCMAJ open
Dose response of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in relation to urinary tract infections: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Article in CMAJ open. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Are SGLT2 inhibitors really associated with increased urinary tract infection risk? A trial-level meta-analysis across type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of different dosages of Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on glucose level change in patients with type 2 diabetes stratified by HbA1c and renal function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative safety of different recommended doses of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023 · on this mapPooled it
- Longer-term Benefits and Risks of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Safety of Ertugliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Conventional Therapy at Different Periods: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of diabetes research · 2020Pooled it
- Association of SGLT2 Inhibitor Use with Glycosuria, Pyuria, Urinary Symptoms, and Significant Urine Culture Positivity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- The application of machine learning in the evaluation of urinary tract infections incidence in patients in a Nursing and Treatment Facility.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Article
- Pillar Risk-Based Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Review
- Association between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes after urinary tract infection.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Association of SGLT-2 inhibitors with bacterial urinary tract infection in type 2 diabetes.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- The Potential of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Current Status and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- The Effect of Dapagliflozin on Platelet Function Testing Profiles in Diabetic Patients: The EDGE Pilot Study.Cardiology and therapy · 2021Article
- Adverse events associated with sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors: an overview of quantitative systematic reviews.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2021Review
- Harms and benefits of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors.Australian prescriber · 2020Review
- Safety of Ertugliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pooled Analysis of Seven Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trials.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2020Article
- SGLT2 inhibitors in T2D and associated comorbidities - differentiating within the class.BMC endocrine disorders · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a novel group of drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We investigated whether there is a dose-response relation between SGLT2 inhibitors and urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients with type 2 diabetes, relative to other diabetes therapies or placebo.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes. We searched 6 databases and the reference lists of key papers. We included studies with placebo or active antidiabetic comparators that reported the outcome of UTI, and established thresholds for high and low doses of SGLT2 inhibitors. We used a random-effects model to estimate the pooled effect estimates and 95% credible intervals.
resultsWe screened 2418 citations and included 105 references for studies of 8 unique SGLT2 inhibitors, representing 60 082 individuals (with a total of 4348 UTIs). Most mixed-treatment comparisons showed no significant difference in risk of UTI, with the exception of high-dose dapagliflozin (≥ 10 mg) compared with placebo (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% credible interval 1.09-1.57), with active comparators (OR 1.44, 95% credible interval 1.15-1.79), with empagliflozin at both low (OR 1.30, 95% credible interval 1.04-1.60) and high (OR 1.39, 95% credible interval 1.12-1.72) doses, and with low-dose ertugliflozin (OR 1.43, 95% credible interval 1.01-2.01). When the analysis was restricted to RCTs with a low risk of bias, the results were nonsignificant.
interpretationCurrent RCT evidence does not suggest a dose-response relation between most SGLT2 inhibitors and UTIs, with the exception of dapagliflozin. Further research is needed to quantify the relation between SGLT2 inhibitors and more serious infections.
trial registrationPROSPERO registration no. CRD42016038715.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.