ArticleIEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control2019
Considerations for Choosing Sensitive Element Size for Needle and Fiber-Optic Hydrophones-Part I: Spatiotemporal Transfer Function and Graphical Guide.
Article in IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hydrophone Measurements for Biomedical Ultrasound Applications: A Review.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2023Review
- Spatiotemporal Deconvolution of Hydrophone Response for Linear and Nonlinear Beams-Part II: Experimental Validation.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal Deconvolution of Hydrophone Response for Linear and Nonlinear Beams-Part I: Theory, Spatial-Averaging Correction Formulas, and Criteria for Sensitive Element Size.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2022Article
- Research on Characteristics of Broadband Acoustic Sensor Based on Silicon-Based Grooved Microring Resonator.Micromachines · 2021Article
- Optical phase contrast imaging for absolute, quantitative measurements of ultrasonic fields with frequencies up to 20 MHz.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2021Article
- Hydrophone Spatial Averaging Correction for Acoustic Exposure Measurements From Arrays-Part II: Validation for ARFI and Pulsed Doppler Waveforms.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2021Article
- Hydrophone Spatial Averaging Correction for Acoustic Exposure Measurements From Arrays-Part I: Theory and Impact on Diagnostic Safety Indexes.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2021Article
- Holographic extraction of plane waves from an ultrasound beam for acoustic characterization of an absorbing layer of finite dimensions.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2021Article
- Correction for Hydrophone Spatial Averaging Artifacts for Circular Sources.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2020Article
- Hydrophone Spatial Averaging Artifacts for ARFI Beams from Array Transducers.IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium · 2020Article
- Correction for Spatial Averaging Artifacts for Circularly-Symmetric Pressure Beams Measured with Membrane Hydrophones.IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium : [proceedings]. IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium · 2020Article
- Directivity and Frequency-Dependent Effective Sensitive Element Size of Membrane Hydrophones: Theory Versus Experiment.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2019Article
- Correction for Spatial Averaging Artifacts in Hydrophone Measurements of High-Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound: An Inverse Filter Approach.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2019Article
- Considerations for Choosing Sensitive Element Size for Needle and Fiber-Optic Hydrophones-Part II: Experimental Validation of Spatial Averaging Model.IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control · 2019Article
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Abstract
The spatiotemporal transfer function for a needle or reflectance-based fiber-optic hydrophone is modeled as separable into the product of two filters corresponding to frequency-dependent sensitivity and spatial averaging. The separable hydrophone transfer function model is verified numerically by comparison to a more general rigid piston spatiotemporal response model that does not assume separability. Spatial averaging effects are characterized by frequency-dependent "effective" sensitive element diameter, which can be more than double the geometrical sensitive element diameter. The transfer function is tested in simulation using a nonlinear focused pressure wave model based on Gaussian harmonic radial pressure distributions. The pressure wave model is validated by comparing to experimental hydrophone scans of nonlinear beams produced by three source transducers. An analytic form for the spatial averaging filter, applicable to Gaussian harmonic beams, is derived. A second analytic form for the spatial averaging filter, applicable to quadratic harmonic beams, is derived by extending the spatial averaging correction recommended by IEC 62127-1 Annex E to nonlinear signals with multiple harmonics. Both forms are applicable to all hydrophones (not just needle and fiber-optic hydrophones). Simulation analysis performed for a wide variety of transducer geometries indicates that the Gaussian spatial averaging filter formula is more accurate than the quadratic formula over a wider range of harmonics. Additional experimental validation is provided in Part II. Readers who are uninterested in hydrophone theory may skip the theoretical and experimental sections of this paper and proceed to the graphical guide for practical information to inform and support selection of hydrophone sensitive element size (but might be well advised to read the Introduction).
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