ArticleNucleic acid therapeutics2019
Activation of Innate Immune Responses by a CpG Oligonucleotide Sequence Composed Entirely of Threose Nucleic Acid.
Article in Nucleic acid therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- LNP-based delivery of a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist elicits potent adjuvant effects and antitumor immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Advancing the enzymatic toolkit for 2'-fluoro arabino nucleic acid (FANA) manipulation: phosphorylation, ligation, replication, and templating RNA transcription.Chemical science · 2024Article
- The influence of chirality on the behavior of oligonucleotides inside cells: revealing the potent cytotoxicity of G-rich l-RNA.Chemical science · 2023Article
- Artificial genetic polymers against human pathologies.Biology direct · 2022Review
- Precision Anti-Cancer Medicines by Oligonucleotide Therapeutics in Clinical Research Targeting Undruggable Proteins and Non-Coding RNAs.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Cellular uptake, tissue penetration, biodistribution, and biosafety of threose nucleic acids: Assessing in vitro and in vivo delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2022Article
- Biologically stable threose nucleic acid-based probes for real-time microRNA detection and imaging in living cells.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2022Article
- Nucleic Acids and Their Analogues for Biomedical Applications.Biosensors · 2022Review
- Molecular tracking devices quantify antigen distribution and archiving in the murine lymph node.eLife · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent advances in synthetic biology have led to the development of nucleic acid polymers with backbone structures distinct from those found in nature, termed xeno-nucleic acids (XNAs). Several unique properties of XNAs make them attractive as nucleic acid therapeutics, most notably their high resistance to serum nucleases and ability to form Watson-Crick base pairing with DNA and RNA. The ability of XNAs to induce immune responses has not been investigated. Threose nucleic acid (TNA), a type of XNA, is recalcitrant to nuclease digestion and capable of undergoing Darwinian evolution to produce high affinity aptamers; thus, TNA is an attractive candidate for diverse applications, including nucleic acid therapeutics. In this study, we evaluated a TNA oligonucleotide derived from a cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligonucleotide sequence known to activate toll-like receptor 9-dependent immune signaling in B cell lines. We observed a slight induction of relevant mRNA signals, robust B cell line activation, and negligible effects on cellular proliferation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.