Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30523476›Full record

ArticleRheumatology international2019

Validity and reliability of the ten-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) instrument in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in Singapore.

Yu Heng Kwan, Amanda Ng, Ka Keat Lim, Warren Fong, Jie Kie Phang, Eng Hui Chew, Nai Lee Lui, Chuen Seng Tan, Julian Thumboo, Truls Østbye and 1 more

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Resilience in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence.International urogynecology journal · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yu Heng KwanProgram in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. yuheng@u.duke.nus.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-7802-9696
Amanda NgDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-3748-2029
Ka Keat LimProgram in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-2340-4097
Warren FongDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-1891-1892
Jie Kie PhangDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
Eng Hui ChewDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-2615-8987
Nai Lee LuiDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-4275-1737
Chuen Seng TanSaw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-6513-2309
Julian ThumbooProgram in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-6712-5535
Truls ØstbyeProgram in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0002-0662-7440
Ying Ying LeungDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0001-8492-6342

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the ten-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in Singapore. We used cross-sectional data from 108 patients with axSpA recruited from a dedicated axSpA clinic in a Singapore tertiary referral hospital from 2017 to 2018. Analyses were guided by the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) framework. Face validity was assessed through cognitive debriefing interviews (CDIs). Internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was assessed through intraclass correlation (ICC). Measurement error was assessed through smallest detectable change (SDC). Construct validity was assessed through six a priori hypotheses through correlation of the CD-RISC10 score with other patient-reported outcome measures. Structural validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Fit indices evaluated were root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TFI), and standardized root-mean-squared residual (SRMR). Ten patients completed the CDIs and face validity was supported. Among 108 patients (median age: 37(21-77), 81.5% males, 93.5% Chinese), the CD-RISC10 demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.94), and excellent test-retest reliability [ICC = 0.964 (95% CI 0.937-0.980)]. SDC was calculated as 1.88. Construct validity was established by meeting five out of the six a priori hypotheses. Structural validity was supported as CFA confirmed a one-factor model, with adequate fit statistics after adding three covariances (RMSEA = 0.077; CFI = 0.975; TLI = 0.964; SRMR = 0.036). This study supports the CD-RISC10 as a valid and reliable measure of resilience for use in patients with axSpA.

Indexed as

Resilience, PsychologicalSurveys and QuestionnairesAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSingaporeSpondylarthritisTranslationsAxial spondyloarthritisCD-RISCResilienceSingaporeValidation

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.