ArticleEarly human development2019
Behavioral problems are associated with cognitive and language scores in toddlers born extremely preterm.
Article in Early human development, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Motor skills and outcomes of activities and participation in children and adults born preterm without cerebral palsy: A systematic review.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Sociodemographic Characteristics and Behavioral Outcomes in Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Treated With Therapeutic Hypothermia.Pediatric neurology · 2025Trial
- Factors associated with abnormal screening for autism spectrum disorder among Extremely Preterm Children.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding, Mother-Child Dyads of Interaction, and Neurodevelopment of Preterm Children: A Longitudinal Study of Feeding Methods During the First Two Years.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pre-pregnancy body mass index and offspring neurobehavioral development: a birth cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Gestational Age and Neurodevelopmental Delay in Term Births at 6 and 12 Months: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Testing the reported long-term advantages of protein-fortified human milk in very low birth weight neonates.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Do Bayley-III Composite Scores at 18-22 Months Corrected Age Predict Full-Scale IQ at 6-7 Years in Children Born Extremely Preterm?The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Methodologic Considerations for Epigenomic Investigation of Preterm Birth in African American Women.Western journal of nursing research · 2022Article
- Strategies for assessing the impact of loss to follow-up on estimates of neurodevelopmental impairment in a very preterm cohort at 2 years of age.BMC medical research methodology · 2021Article
- Specific cognitive correlates of the quality of life of extremely preterm school-aged children without major neurodevelopmental disability.Pediatric research · 2020Article
- Behavior Profiles at 2 Years for Children Born Extremely Preterm with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.The Journal of pediatrics · 2020Article
- Mapping the neuroanatomical impact of very preterm birth across childhood.Human brain mapping · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the relationship of parent-reported child behaviors on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to cognition, language, and motor skills on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - III (Bayley-III) in toddlers born extremely preterm. STUDY
designToddlers born extremely preterm (gestational ages 22 0/7 to 26 6/7 weeks) were tested at 22-26 months corrected age with Bayley-III while parents completed the CBCL. Socio-demographic variables and medical history were recorded. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship of Bayley-III cognitive, motor, and language scores with CBCL scores, adjusting for medical and socio-demographic factors.
resultsInternalizing, affective, and pervasive development problem behavior scores on the CBCL correlated significantly with lower Bayley-III cognitive, language, and motor scores on unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Although externalizing and anxiety problems were significantly associated with cognitive and language scores on unadjusted analysis, the relationships were not significant after adjusting for socio-economic factors. CBCL scores were similar for boys and girls, with the exception of the pervasive developmental problem scale; boys had significantly more problems than girls (p = 0.02).
conclusionsThis study showed that parent reported behavior problems were related to lower cognitive, language, and motor development in toddlers born extremely preterm. Early findings of behavioral problems in toddlers born extremely premature may help identify children at greater risk for later learning difficulties. Adding a measure of behavior to the evaluation of these children may help better understand factors that can contribute to delays, especially in cognition and language.
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