ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2019
Estimated GFR: time for a critical appraisal.
Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 149 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 288 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and late kidney effects of nephron-sparing surgery in the management of unilateral Wilms tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric surgery international · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Recent Advances in Urinary Peptide and Proteomic Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Kidney injury rates after unilateral nephrectomy in childhood-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2022Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Pooled it
- Performance of the CKD-EPI and MDRD equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate: a systematic review of Latin American studies.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicinaPooled it
- Is GFR decline induced by SGLT2 inhibitor of clinical importance?Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Trial
- Associations of Serum Uromodulin and Urinary Epidermal Growth Factor with Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate and Interstitial Fibrosis in Kidney Transplantation.American journal of nephrology · 2022Trial
- Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationship of Dapagliflozin in Patients without Diabetes and with Chronic Kidney Disease.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Trial
- Impact of mGFR Versus eGFR on the Pharmacokinetics of a Renally Excreted Model Drug in Older Medical Patients: A Proof-of-Concept Trial.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Estimation of glomerular filtration rate by standard renal CT imaging.Insights into imaging · 2026Article
- Impact of differences in kidney function estimation by creatinine compared to cystatin C on clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Glomerular filtration rate estimation in nephrotic patients: creatinine and/or cystatin-C-based equations, or none of them?Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Toward the Future: A Race-Agnostic, Bayesian Approach to Defining Glomerular Filtration for Personalized Drug Dosing.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Article
- Urinary vesicle biomarkers and kidney function-results from the German AugUR study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Contrast-sparing CT using renal-clearable gold nanoclusters for early spatial mapping of renal dysfunction.Science advances · 2026Article
- Urine NGAL adds to serum creatinine in predicting cefepime clearance in critically ill children at high risk of acute kidney injury.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2026Article
- Development and validation of an early risk prediction model based on inflammatory and metabolically derived markers for early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since 1957, over 70 equations based on creatinine and/or cystatin C levels have been developed to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, whether these equations accurately reflect renal function is debated. In this Perspectives article, we discuss >70 studies that compared estimated GFR (eGFR) with measured GFR (mGFR), involving ~40,000 renal transplant recipients and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus or polycystic kidney disease. Their results show that eGFR often differed from mGFR by ±30% or more, that eGFR values incorrectly staged CKD in 30-60% of patients, and that eGFR and mGFR gave different rates of GFR decline. Errors were unpredictable, and comparable for equations based on creatinine and/or cystatin C. We argue, therefore, that the persistence of these errors (despite intensive research) suggests that the problem lies with using creatinine and/or cystatin C as markers of renal function, rather than with the mathematical methods used for GFR estimation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.